A rilru a buai em em a, a 0 rilru a hah em em bawk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. Hmun
Tibial shaft hi ruh tliak awmna hmun tam ber zinga mi a ni a, taksa chhunga ruh tliak zawng zawng zinga 13.7% a ni. Distal tibia hian thisen supply compensation tha lo leh soft tissue coverage tlem te ang chi anatomical characteristic a nei a ni. Fracture a awm tawh chuan soft tissue tihchhiat leh local blood supply tihchhiat chuan ruh tliak damna a tisang thei a ni. Tin, concurrent fibular fractures awm theihna sang tak leh instability chuan surgical approach dik tak thlan a pawimawh hle bawk.
Mid-to-upper tibial shaft cross-section chu triangular a ni a, a hnuai lam pathumna chu quadrilateral a ni thung. Middle leh lower thirds junction hi a tawi hle a, a shape inthlak danglamna a entir a, chu chuan fractures awmna hmun tlangpui a ni.
Tibia anterior third chu vunin a khuh vek a, chu chuan ruh fracture te chu a tikehsawm awlsam hle a, chu chuan ruh a tikehsawm a ni. Closed fracture-ah pawh tibial fracture tam zawk hi vun leh subcutaneous tissue chhiatna nen a inzawm a ni. Mid-tibia-ah hian muscle coverage a tlachham a, tibia leh fibula chhehvel fascial compartment pali a awm bawk. Compartment syndrome vei hi tibial fracture-ah hian fracture dang nena khaikhin chuan a tam zawk a ni.
AO/OTA Arabic numeral classification hian tibial shaft fractures chu 4 (tibia) 2 (shaft) tiin a tarlang a. Type A hi simple fractures nen a inmil a, chu chu fracture line pakhat chauh a ni a, chu chu type hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Type B fractures hian wedge ang chi fragment inkar a nei a. Type C fracture hi high-energy trauma avanga lo awm a ni a, comminuted segmental fractures a ni.
Type I: Hliam sei zawng chu cm 1 aia tlem a ni a, a tlangpuiin vun chhunga ruh tip chhuak, vun tip chu a fai deuh. Soft tissue chhiatna a tlem hle a, hliam na tak a awm lo. A fracture chu a awlsam a, a transverse a, a short oblique a ni a, comminution tel lovin a ni.
Type II: Hliam hi 1 cm aia tam a ni a, soft tissue a tichhia nasa zawk a, mahse avulsion emaw flap formation emaw a awm lo. Soft tissue hian crushing injury na lo leh na lo tak a nei a, contamination a nei tlem a, a fracture chu a comminution tlem hle bawk.
Type IIIA: Avulsion injury emaw flap formation nasa tak nei mahse, hliam lian leh te pawh thliar lovin high-energy trauma awm mahse, fracture chungah soft tissue coverage tha tak a awm.
Type IIIB: Soft tissue chhiatna leh hlohna zau tak, periosteal stripping leh bone exposed, contamination nasa tak nen a inzawm.
Type IIC: Arterial injury siamthat ngai nen a inzawm.
Tibial fractures enkawlna tur ni lo treatment-ah chuan braces, plaster external fixation, traction, manual reduction, leh pawn lam fixation frame hman te a tel. Surgical option hrang hrangah locked plate internal fixation leh intramedullary nailing te, a dangte pawh a tel.
Intramedullary nailing fixation hi trauma orthopedic surgeon tam tak chuan an duh ber a, a chhan chu a surgery tih awlsam tak, incisions te te, trauma tlem te te, leh fracture dam hnua nail lakchhuah awlsam tak avang te a ni. Internal fixation chak tak a pe a, postoperative functional exercise hmasa ber a siam thei a, local leh systemic complication pawh a veng thei bawk. Heng hlawknate hi AO principle of treatment nen a inmil a ni.
Proximal end-a anterior oblique cutting hian patellar ligament a ti na thei lo.
Advance Proximal Locking Design hian proximal fragment tan stability duhthusam a ti sang a.
Distal oblique locking option soft tissue tihchhiat loh nan leh distal fragment stability tihpun nan.
Locking screw design a ni a, double lead thread hmanga siam a ni a, awlsam zawka dah theih a ni.
Locking Design Fixation chak zawk neih nan postoperative fragment dislocation tihtlem.
Multi points of fixation hian angular stability a pe a, tibial palteau tan pawh stable support a pe bawk.
Device hian adaptive adjustment function a nei a, a morphological changes chu pre-compression (loose state) leh post-compression (tightly fitted) condition pahnih hnuaia illustrations-a tarlan a ni.
Multi fixation method Proximal leh distal atanga lo chhuak, proximal leh distal tibial fractures hnuhnung ber tarlang rawh.
Main nail distal end hian flat design a nei a, medullary cavity chhunga awlsam taka dah luh a awlsam phah a ni.
Proximal end-a angular locking screw pahnih chuan fracture segment rotation leh displacement a veng thei.
Special anatomical curvature chuan main nail chu medullary cavity chhungah a tha berin a awm theih nan a enkawl a ni.
Distal end-a angle locking screw pathum inzawmkhawm chuan support leh fixation tha tak a pe a ni.
Tibial shaft fracture tam zawk tan a tha (midshaft leh distal/proximal fracture thenkhat), chutih laiin chi dang (eg, DTN emaw expert nail emaw) chu anatomical region bik emaw, complex fractures emaw atan an siam a ni.
Standard approach (parapatellar emaw transpatellar) hian zirlai curve hniam zawk neia kalphung mumal tak a zawm a, chutih laiin specialized approach (eg, suprapatellar) chuan technical training dang a mamawh thung.
Expert nail emaw DTN ang chi specialized nail te nen khaikhin chuan standard tibial intramedullary nails hi a tlangpuiin a man tlawm zawk a, hei vang hian routine case atan a tha hle.
Universal instrumentation (eg, locking screw, targeting devices) nen a inmil a, chutih laiin specialized nail (eg, expert nail with multi-directional locking systems) chuan proprietary tools a mamawh thei thung.
Type | Best indications | A hlawkna bulpui ber . |
---|---|---|
Expert nail . | Complex shaft fractures, ruh natna (osteoporosis) a awm bawk. | Multi-planar locking, stability sang tak a awm bawk. |
suprapatellar nail . | Proximal fractures, damlo thau lutuk te . | suprapatellar approach, anterior khup natna a tihziaawm |
Dtn a ni a. | Distal fractures (ankle joint bulah) . | Multi-directional distal locking, shortening a do thei |
Standard nail 100 a ni. | Mid-shaft simple fractures . | A hman dan awlsam, a man pawh a tlawm zawk . |
Drilling instruments : drill bit, reamers, leh ruh drilling atana direct-a hman hmanrua dangte a huam a ni.
Targeting Devices : Drilling emaw implant placement positioning leh guiding atana hmanrua, guide wire, guide sleeves, leh aiming devices te.
Fixation Instruments : Implant inzawmkhawm, lock, emaw siamremna atana hmanrua, universal joint, wrench, screw, leh hammer te.
Measuring Tools : Depth tehna hmanrua, positioning, emaw surgery-a puihna hmanrua, depth gauges, reduction forceps, leh bone awls (AWL) te ang chi te.
Imaging Evaluation: Fracture type, medullary canal diameter leh a sei zawng tihchian nan preoperative X-ray/CT, reference atan contralateral tibia tehna hmangin.
Positioning: Knee flexion 90°-120° leh hip adduction tlem (patellar tendon tension tihtlem nan) a awm. Triangular radiolucent frame chuan popliteal fossa chu traction atan a support thei a ni.
Sterile draping: Standard limb sterilization leh draping, C-arm mobility a awm theih nan.
Manual traction: Assistant chuan longitudinal traction a hmang a, surgeon chuan tibial crest leh anteromedial surface chu alignment (length, rotation, angulation) siamrem turin a palpate bawk.
Instrument hmanga puih:
Joystick Technique: Lever tihtlem nan proximal/distal fragment-a dah Schanz screw.
Percutaneous clamping: Oblique/spiral fractures te tan pointed reduction forceps.
Distractor: distractor lian tak chu coronally-ah dah (proximal Schanz screw parallel to tibial plateau, distal pin in talus emaw distal tibia emaw) a sei zawng a awm reng theih nan.
Hmun pawimawh tak tak:
Entry point 1cm chu anterior tibial plateau edge atanga hla takah a awm a, medullary axis nen a inmil a ni.
Fluoroscopic Confirmation: AP view chu tibial crest nen a inmil a, lateral view hian a parallels a tibial axis a ni.
Instrument hawn theihna: 1.1.
Cannulated drill over guidewire (a humhimna sleeve nei) emaw curved solid awl emaw a ni thei bawk.
Hand reamers (6-8mm) chu canal occlusion nei fracture hlui tan a ni.
GuideWire dahna: Ball-tipped guidewire bent 10-15mm chu a tip a fracture passage a awm theih nan. Distal physeal scar (ankle center)-ah fluoroscopic confirmation a awm.
Reaming protocol:
Flexible reamers chu 8mm atanga tan a ni a, cortical 'chatter' (a tlangpuiin 1-1.5mm > nail diameter) thlengin 0.5mm a pung ang.
Note: Intermittent withdrawal hian debris a tifai a; Thermal necrosis hi pumpelh tur a ni.
A sei zawng tehna: 1.1.
Intraoperative tehna: guidewire overlap method emaw fluoroscopic ruler (ankle joint lam hawi) emaw a ni.
Nail tip hian physeal scar chu proximal protrusion awm lovin a thlen theih nan enfiah rawh.
Insertion technique: 1.1.
guidewire hmanga kut chhuak; Resistance a awm chuan reduction siamrem rawh.
Distal fractures tan passage laiin tihtlem a ni reng.
Sequence hmanga ruahmanna siam .
Length-stable fractures: Proximal locking hmasa ber (single screw hian dynamization a phal).
Length-unstable/comminuted fractures: distal locking hmasa ber chu 'backslap' a ni a, compress turin.
Proximal locking a awm bawk.
≥2 Screws hmangin aiming device hmangin (proximal fractures atan multidirectional).
distal locking a ni.
Fluoroscopic Technique: Screw holes ('perfect circle'), percutaneous drilling-a central beam perpendicular-a siam.
≥2 Screws chu distal fractures atan a ni (AP/Oblique orientations a inzawm thei).
End cap: Optional insertion (bony ingrowth a veng), joint protrusion awm lohna tur.
Hliam khar: Layered patellar tendon siam thatna chu a hnuai lam subcutaneous sutures a ni.
Rehabilitation hmasa ber:
kut leh ke a elevation; 24hrs chhunga compartment syndrome awm leh awm loh enfiah.
POD 1-2 ah hian active joint mobilization (ankle pump, knee flexion) tan tir rawh.
Weight-bearing protocol: 1.1.
Partial weight-bearing chu kar 6 chhung (adjusted per stability), Callus a lo lan chuan a full thlengin a kal zel.
Follow-up: kar 2, 6 leh 12-naah clinical/radiological evaluation neih a ni ang.
A hmunpui chu: Raynham, Massachusetts, USA-ah a awm a.
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
Expert Tibial Nail (ETN) – Complex tibial fractures-a stability atana siam a ni.
T2 Tibial Nail – hian fixation leh compression tihchangtlunna a pe a.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh: R&D chak tak, khawvel pum huapa sem chhuah, leh trauma solution nena inzawmna.
A hmunhma: Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
T2 Tibial Nail – Tibial shaft ruh tliak te tan modular system a awm.
Gamma3 Tibial Nail – Intramedullary nail leh locking option te a inzawm khawm.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh tak tak: Robotics Advanced (Mako), Minimally Invasive Solutions, leh Trauma portfolio chak tak tak te.
A hmunpui: London, UK
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
Trigen Tibial Nail – A luh awlsamna leh a nghet theih nan siam a ni.
Im tibial nail – tibial fractures a awm chuan intramedullary fixation a awm.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh: Infiamna damdawi leh trauma, thil thar siam chhuahna lam ngaihtuah.
A hmunpui: Changzhou, China
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
Distal Tibial Intramedullary Nail (DTN) – distal fractures atana hman theih tur a ni.
Expert tibia intramedullary nail – Titanium chakna sang tak nei alloy design.
Suprapatellar approach tibial intramedullary nail – a tlem berah invasive insertion.
Tibial intramedullary nail – a hman dan tur dik tak a ni.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh: Hmanraw man tlawm zawk, khawvel pum huapa awmna tihzauh.
A hmunpui: Warsaw, Indiana, USA
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
Znn Tibial Nail – Fit tha zawk neih theihna tur anatomic design a ni.
Natural nail system – Natural bone mechanics ang chiah a ni.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh: Joint reconstruction, biologics integration, leh personalized solution-ah te a chak hle.
A hmunpui: Lewisville, Texas, USA
Flagship thil siam chhuah te:
Lon tibial nail (lateral orthopedic nail) – Lateral entry approach atana siam a ni.
Thiltihtheihna pawimawh: Ruh thanna tichaktu, limb deformity correction-a specialized.
CZMedItech hian proximal, distal, leh complex fractures te tan tibial nailing solutions kimchang tak a pe a, design thar (eg, multi-directional locking, suprapatellar approach) te nen global leading brands in biomechanics leh clinical outcome te nen tehkhin theih a ni.
[1].德康医痗. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em bawk .a A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a..
[2].AO Foundation-ah a awm. (ND) a ni. A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. AO surgery tih a ni. July 10, 2024-a 1000 aṭanga lak chhuah a ni. https://surgeryreference.aofoundation.org/orthopedic-trauma/a puitlin-trauma/tibial-shaft/simple-fracture-spiral/intramedullary-nailing?Searchurl=/searchresults
Global Advanced Tibia Nailing Instruments Hming 2025 Top 6 Thil thar chhuah
A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a.
A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Distal Humerus Locking Plates ( May 2025 )
Distal Tibial Nail: Distal tibial fracture enkawlna kawnga hmasawnna ropui tak a ni.
Proximal Tibial Lateral Locking Plate-a clinical leh commercial synergy a awm dan chu a dik lo a ni.
Distal humerus fractures te plate fixation atana technical outline a awm.
Middle East-a TOP5 siamtute: Distal Humerus Locking Plates ( May 2025 )
Europe rama Top6 siamtute: Distal Humerus Locking Plates ( May 2025 )
Africa rama TOP7 siamtute: Distal Humerus Locking Plates ( May 2025 )
Oceania rama TOP8 siamtute: Distal Humerus Locking Plates ( May 2025 )