Views: 0 Mongwadi: Morulaganyi wa Sebaka Phatlalatša Nako: 2025-07-07 Tšwago: Saete
Shaft ya tibial ke ye nngwe ya mafelo a tlwaelegilego kudu a go robega, e lego 13.7% ya diphapano ka moka mmeleng. Tibia ya kgole e na le dimelo tša anatomical tša go swana le tefo ye mpe ya kabo ya madi le khupetšo ya dinama tše boleta tše nnyane. Gatee-tee ge go robega go direga, tshenyo ya ditlhalenama tše boleta le kabo ya madi ya lefelong leo yeo e lego kotsing di ka oketša bothata bja go fodiša go robega. Go oketša moo, kgonagalo e phagamego ya go robega ga fibular ka nako e tee le go se tsepame e dira gore kgetho ya mokgwa o swanetšego wa go bua o be bohlokwa.
Karolo ya sefapano ya shaft ya tibial ya bogareng go ya godimo ke ya khutlotharo, mola karolo ya boraro ya ka fase e le ya mahlakore a mane. Kopano ya karolo ya boraro ya magareng le ya fase e tshesane kudu gomme e emela phetogo ka sebopego, e lego seo se dirago gore e be lefelo le le tlwaelegilego la go robega.
Boraro bja ka pele bja tibia bo khupeditšwe feela ke letlalo ntle le go khupetša mešifa, e lego seo se dirago gore e be le tshekamelo ya go bula go robega moo diripana tša marapo di phunyago letlalo. Gaešita le ka go robega mo go tswaletšwego, bontši bja go robega ga tibia go felegetšwa ke tshenyo ya letlalo le ditlhalenama tša ka tlase ga letlalo. Bogare bja tibia bo hloka khupetšo ya mešifa, gomme go na le dikarolo tše nne tša fascial tšeo di dikologilego tibia le fibula. Tiragalo ya compartment syndrome e godimo ka go robega ga tibial ge e bapetšwa le go robega mo gongwe.
The AO / OTA Arabic palo classification designates tibial shaft fractures e le 4 (tibia) 2 (shaft). Mohuta wa A o sepelelana le go robega mo go bonolo ka mola o tee wa go robega, e lego mohuta wo o tlwaelegilego kudu. Diphapano tša mohuta wa B di na le karolwana ya magareng ya sebopego sa wedge. Diphapano tša mohuta wa C di hlolwa ke kgateletšego ya maatla a godimo gomme ke go robega ga dikarolo tše di comminuted.
Mohuta wa I: Bolelele bja lebadi ka fase ga 1 cm, gantši e lego lebadi la go phunya leo le hlwekilego ka ntlha ya marapo yeo e tšwelelago ka letlalo. Tshenyo ya dinama tše boleta ke ye nnyane, go se na kgobalo ya go pšhatla. Go robega go bonolo, go selaganya goba go sekame go se nene, ntle le go comminution.
Mohuta wa II: lebadi le feta 1 cm, ka tshenyo ya dinama tše boleta tše di nabilego kudu eupša ga go na avulsion goba go bopega ga flap. Dinama tše boleta di bontšha kgobalo ya go pšhatla ye bonolo go ya go ye e lekanetšego, tšhilafatšo ye e lekanetšego, le comminution ye e lekanetšego ya go robega.
Mohuta wa IIIA: Go sa šetšwe kgobalo e kgolo ya avulsion goba go bopega ga flap, goba kgateletšego ya matla a magolo go sa šetšwe bogolo bja lebadi, go na le khupetšo e lekanego ya ditlhalenama tše boleta go feta go robega.
Mohuta wa IIIb: Tshenyo ye e nabilego ya dinama tše boleta le tahlegelo, ka go hlobola ga periosteal le lerapo leo le pepentšhitšwego, leo le felegetšwago ke tšhilafatšo ye šoro.
Mohuta IIIC: E amana le kgobalo ya arterial yeo e nyakago go lokišwa.
Dikalafo tšeo e sego tša go bua bakeng sa go robega ga tibia di akaretša di- brace, go tsepama ga ka ntle ga polasetara, go goga, go fokotša ka seatla, le go dirišwa ga diforeime tša go tiiša ka ntle. Dikgetho tša go bua di akaretša go tsepama ga ka gare ga poleiti ye e notletšwego le go kokotela ka gare ga medulla, gare ga tše dingwe.
Intramedullary nailing fixation e ratwa ke dingaka tše dintši tša go bua marapo a masetla-pelo ka baka la tshepedišo ya yona e bonolo ya go bua, go segwa mo gonyenyane, kgateletšego e nyenyane le go tlošwa mo go loketšego ga lenala ka morago ga phodišo ya go robega. E fana ka matla a ka hare fixation, lumella pele postoperative tshebetso boitšhidullo le qoba mathata a sebakeng seo le tsamaiso. Melemo ye e sepelelana le melawana ya AO ya kalafo.
Anterior oblique go sega ka proximal qetellong thibela ho teneha ho patellar ligament.
Advance proximal notlela moralo eketsa botsitso lakatsa botsitso bakeng sa proximal sekhechana.
Distal oblique notlela kgetho ho thibela bonolo dinama tse nyenyane tse tshenyo le eketsa botsitso ba distal karolwana.
Notlela sekurufu etselitsoeng le habeli lloto khoele bakeng sa ho kenngwa bonolo.
Locking moralo bakeng sa matla fixation, fokotsa postoperative sekhechana dislocation.
Multi lintlha tsa fixation fana ka botsitso angular le tšehetso e tsitsitseng bakeng sa tibial palteau.
Sedirišwa se na le mošomo wa peakanyo ya go fetoga, ka diphetogo tša sona tša sebopego tšeo di bontšhitšwego diswantšhong ka fase ga maemo a bobedi a pele ga kgatelelo (boemo bjo bo lokologilego) le bja ka morago ga kgatelelo (yeo e loketšego ka go tia).
Multi fixation mokgwa wa ho tloha proximal le distal, bontša qetellong proximal le distal tibial fractures.
The distal qetellong ya sepekere ka sehloohong na le moralo bataletseng, nolofatsa bonolo kenngwa ka medullary cavity.
Dikurufu tše pedi tša go notlela tša sekhutlong mafelelong a kgauswi di thibela go dikologa le go šuthišwa ga karolo ya go robega.
A khethehileng anatomical kobeha netefatsa sepekere ka sehloohong e optimally beha ka hare ho medullary cavity.
Dikurufu tše tharo tša go notlela khutlo tšeo di kopanago mafelelong a kgole di fa thekgo ye e šomago le go tsepama.
E loketše bontši bja go robega ga shaft ya tibial (midshaft le go robega mo gongwe ga distal/proximal), mola mehuta ye mengwe (mohlala, DTN goba sepekere sa setsebi) e hlametšwe dilete tše di itšego tša anatomical goba go robega ga go raragana.
Mokgwa wa maemo (parapatellar goba transpatellar) o latela tshepedišo ye e hlomilwego gabotse yeo e nago le koba ya go ithuta ya fase, mola mekgwa ye e kgethegilego (mohlala, suprapatellar) e nyaka tlhahlo ya tlaleletšo ya sethekniki.
Ge go bapetšwa le manala a kgethegilego a go swana le Sepekere sa Setsebi goba DTN, manala a maemo a tibial a intramedullary ka tlwaelo a ka fihlelelwa kudu, e lego seo se dirago gore a lokele melato ya ka mehla.
Sebelisa le bokahohleng instrumentation (mohlala, notlela diseke ee, disebediswa nepišo), athe e khethehileng manala (mohlala, setsebi nail le multi-directional notlela dithulaganyo) ka hloka dithusaleago proprietary.
Mofuta | Best Ditshupetso | Motheo Melemo . |
---|---|---|
Sepekere sa setsebi . | Go robega ga shaft mo go raraganego, go fokola ga marapo . | Multi-planar notlela, botsitso bo phahameng . |
Sepekere sa suprapatellar . | Diphapano tša kgauswi, balwetši ba ba nonnego kudu . | Mokgwa wa suprapatellar, o fokotša mathata a lengwele la pele . |
DTN . | Distal fractures (kgauswi le leloko la leqaqailaneng) . | Multi-directional distal notlela, hanyetsa khutsufatso |
Sepekere sa maemo a . | Mid-shaft bonolo fractures . | tshebetso e bonolo, ditjeo-atlehang . |
Didirišwa tša go phunya : di akaretša dikotwana tša go phunya, di-reamer le didirišwa tše dingwe tšeo di dirišwago ka go lebanya bakeng sa go phunya marapo.
Didirišwa tša go nepiša : Didirišwa tša go beakanya le go hlahla go phunya goba go bewa ga dilo tše di tsentšwego, go swana le megala ya tlhahlo, matsogo a tlhahlo, le didirišwa tša go lebiša.
Didirišwa tša go tiiša : Didirišwa tšeo di dirišetšwago go kgokaganya, go notlela goba go beakanya dilo tšeo di tsenywago mmeleng, tše bjalo ka manonyeletšo a lefase ka bophara, di- wrench, dikurufu le dinoto.
Didirišwa tša go ela : Didirišwa tša go ela botebo, go beakanya maemo, goba go thuša go buiwa, go swana le dikala tša botebo, di- forceps tša go fokotša le go se be le marapo (awl).
Tekolo ya go tšea diswantšho: Pele ga go buiwa X-ray/CT go tiišetša mohuta wa go robega, bophara bja mokero wa medullary le botelele, ka go ela tibia ya contralateral bjalo ka tšhupetšo.
Positioning: supine boemo le lengole flexion 90 °-120 ° le hanyenyane hip adduction (ho fokotsa patellar tendon tsitsipano). Foreime ya radiolucent ya khutlotharo e ka thekga popliteal fossa bakeng sa go goga.
sterile draping: Standard setho sterilization le draping, ho netefatsa C-letsoho ho tsamaea.
Go goga ka seatla: Mothuši o diriša go goga ga longitudinal mola ngaka ya go bua e palutes tibial crest le anteromedial bokagodimo go beakanya go logaganya (boleele, go dikološa, angulation).
E thušwa ke sedirišwa: .
Thekniki ya Joystick: Dikurufu tša Schanz tšeo di tsentšwego ka gare ga dikarolwana tša kgauswi/distal bakeng sa phokotšo ya lever.
percutaneous clamping: ntlha phokotso forceps bakeng sa oblique / spiral fractures.
Districtor: Sešuthiši se segolo se beile coronally (proximal Schanz screw parallel to tibial plateau, distal pin in talus goba distal tibia) go boloka botelele.
Matshwao a Naga: .
Ntlha ya go tsena 1cm distal go ya pele tibial plateau bohale, aligned le medullary selekane.
Netefatšo ya Fluoroscopic: AP View e logaganya le tibial crest, pono ya ka thoko e swana le tibial axis.
Diletšo tša go bula: .
Cannulated phunya ka Guidewire (ka sleeve sa tšireletso) kapa kobehileng tiileng awl.
Di-reamer tša diatla (6-8mm) bakeng sa go robega ga kgale ka go thibana ga mokero.
Guidewire Placement: Bolo-tipped Guidewire Bent 10-15mm ka ntlha bakeng sa go robega temana. Tiisetso ya fluoroscopic ka lebadi la distal physeal (setsi sa leqaqailaneng).
Protocol ya go reaming: .
Flexible reamers qala ka 8mm, incrementing 0.5mm ho fihlela cortical 'chatter ' (ka tlwaelo 1-1.5mm > nail bophara).
ELA HLOKO: Go gogela morago ka go kgaotša go tloša ditlakala; Phema necrosis ya mogote.
Boikemišetšo bja botelele: .
Intraoperative tekanyo: Guidewire overlap mokgwa wa kapa fluoroscopic rula (ho kena ntlha ho leqaqailaneng kopanetsoeng).
Netefatša gore ntlha ya manala e fihla go physeal lebadi ntle le protrusion ya kgauswi.
Thekniki ya go tsenya: .
Go tšwela pele ka seatla godimo ga guidewire; Beakanya phokotšo ge e ba go ganetša go direga.
Boloka phokotšo nakong ya go feta bakeng sa go robega ga kgole.
Leano la tatelano .
Bolelele-se se tsitsitseng fractures: Proximal notlela pele (e le 'ngoe sekurufu dumella dynamization).
Bolelele-sa tsitsang / compured fractures: distal notlela pele lateloa ke 'Backslap ' ho compress.
Go notlela ga kgauswi .
≥2 diseke ee ka sesebediswa aiming (multidirectional bakeng sa proximal fractures).
Go notlela ka thoko .
Thekniki ya fluoroscopic: hlase ya bogareng yeo e lego thwii go mekoti ya dikurufu ('sedikologo se se phethagetšego'), go phunya ka letlalo.
≥2 dikurufu bakeng sa distal fractures (ka kopanya AP / oblique orientations).
qetellong cap: boikhethelo kenya (thibela bony ingrowth), netefatsa hore ha ho na kopanetsoeng protrusion.
Go tswalelwa ga lebadi: Tokišo ya tendon ya patellar ya go ba le methaladi ka dirokeletšo tša ka fase ga letlalo tše di lokologilego.
Tsošološo ya ka pela: .
go phagama ga setho; Monitor bakeng sa compartment syndrome ka hare ho 24hrs.
Thoma go kgoboketša manonyeletšo a mafolofolo (dipompo tša leqaqailaneng, go koba lengwele) go POD 1-2.
Prothokhole ya go rwala boima bja mmele: .
Karolo ya boima bja mmele ka dibeke tše 6 (e fetotšwe ka go tsepama), e tšwela pele go fihla ka botlalo ge callus e tšwelela.
Go latela: Tekolo ya kliniki/ya radiological ka dibeke tše 2, 6, le 12.
Ntlo-kgolo: Raynham, Massachusetts, USA
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
Setsebi sa Tibial Nail (ETN) – e reretšwe go tsepama ka go robega ga tibia ye e raraganego.
T2 Tibial Nail – e fana ka fixation e ntlafalitsoeng le compression.
Matla a bohlokwa: R&D e matla, kabo ya lefase ka bophara, le kopanyo le ditharollo tša kgateletšego.
Ntlo-kgolo: Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
T2 Tibial Nail – Modular tsamaiso bakeng sa tibial shaft fractures.
Gamma3 Tibial Nail – E kopanya go kokotela ka gare ga medulla le dikgetho tša go notlela.
Matla a bohlokwa: Diroboto tše di tšwetšego pele (MAKO), ditharollo tše di sa hlaselego kudu, le potefolio e matla ya masetla-pelo.
Ntlo-kgolo: London, UK .
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
Trigen Tibial Nail – E reretšwe go tsenywa gabonolo le go tsepama.
Im Tibial Nail – Go tsepama ga ka gare ga medula bakeng sa go robega ga tibia.
Matla a Bohlokwa: Go tsepamiša kgopolo go bongaka bja dipapadi le masetla-pelo, didirišwa tša boitlhamelo.
Ntlo-kgolo: Changzhou, China .
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
Distal Tibial Intramedullary Nail (DTN) – E lokišitšwe bakeng sa go robega ga kgole.
Setsebi Tibia Intramedullary Nail – Moralo wa Motswako wa Titanium wa Matla a Magolo.
suprapatellar atamela tibial intramedullary Nail – ho kenngwa ke invasive minimally.
Tibial intramedullary Nail – Dikgetho tša go tiiša tše di nago le maemo a mantši.
Matla a bohlokwa: ditharollo tše di nago le ditshenyagalelo tše di lekanego, go katološa go ba gona ga lefase ka bophara.
Ntlo-kgolo: Warsaw, Indiana, USA
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
ZNN Tibial Nail – Moralo wa anatomic bakeng sa go swanela mo go kaonafetšego.
Tshepedišo ya tlhago ya manala – e ekiša makhenikhi a tlhago a marapo.
Matla a Bohlokwa: Matla a kagoleswa ya mohlakanelwa, kopanyo ya biologics, le ditharollo tše di hlamilwego ka bowena.
Ntlo-kgolo: Lewisville, Texas, USA
Ditšweletšwa tša Flagship:
Lon Tibial Nail (lateral orthopedic nail) – e reretswe mokgwa wa ho kena ka lehlakoreng.
Matla a bohlokwa: khethehileng ka masapo kgolo di hlohleletsago, setho deformity khalemelo.
CZmeditech e fana ka ditharollo tše di feletšego tša go kokotela dipina tša tibial bakeng sa go robega ga kgauswi, distal, le tše di raraganego, ka meralo ya boitlhamelo (mohlala, go notlela ka mahlakoreng a mantši, mokgwa wa suprapatellar) wo o bapetšwago le ditšweletšwa tša go eta pele tša lefase ka bophara ka go biomechanics le dipoelo tša kliniki.
[1].德康医疗. 德康医疗胫骨骨折解决方案——胫骨髓内钉. 德康医疗, 26 September 2024, https://mp.weixin.q.com/s/g7pe8xf-25zsvlbxbluc9q.
[2].AO Motheo wa go swana le. (nd). Intramedullary nailing bakeng sa tibial shaft bonolo spiral fracture [thekniki ya go bua]. AO go buiwa ga tšhupetšo. E hweditšwe ka la 10 Phupu 2024, go tšwa go . https://surgeryreference.aofoundation.org/orthopedic-trauma/tšhwene-tšhwene/tibial-shaft/e bonolo-go gana-moya/ka gare ga medula-ya-medula-modula
Global Advanced Tibia Nailing Instruments Lebitso la 2025 Top 6 Innovations .
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TOP10 bahlahisi ka Amerika: distal humerus notlela lipoleiti ( May 2025 ) .
Distal Tibial Nail: Kgatelopele ya go alafa go robega ga tibial ya kgole .
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TOP5 bahlahisi ka Bochabela bo Hare: distal humerus notlela lipoleiti ( May 2025 ) .
TOP6 bahlahisi ka Europe: distal humerus notlela lipoleiti ( May 2025 ) .
TOP7 bahlahisi ka Afrika: distal humerus notlela lipoleiti ( May 2025 ) .
top8 bahlahisi ka Oceania: distal humerus notlela lipoleiti ( May 2025 ) .