Yintoni Iqhekeza Elikhulu?
ILarge Fragment ibhekisela kwiqela lezinto zokufakelwa kwamathambo ezisetyenziswa kutyando lwamathambo ukuze kunyangwe ukwaphuka kwamathambo amade, njengethambo lethambo lethanga, i-tibia (i-shin bone) ne-humerus (ithambo lengalo eliphezulu).
Ezi zihlomelo zenzelwe ukuzinzisa ukuphuka ngokuvala isithuba kunye nokuvumela ithambo ukuba liphilise kwindawo echanekileyo. Ufakelo lwe-Large Fragment ludla ngokuba neepleyiti zentsimbi kunye nezikrufu ezifakwa ngotyando kumphezulu wethambo ukuze kugcinwe iingceba zethambo.
Iipleyiti nezikrufu zikhulu kwaye zomelele kunezo zisetyenziswa kufakelo lweSmall Fragment, njengoko kufuneka zixhase ubunzima obungakumbi kwaye zimelane namandla amakhulu. Ukufakelwa kweqhekeza elikhulu lidla ngokusetyenziswa kuqhekeko oluqatha olufuna uzinzo olubanzi.
Izinto zeplate yokutshixa?
Iipleyiti zokutshixa ziqhele ukwenziwa ngezinto ezihambelana ne-biocompatible ezifana ne-titanium, i-titanium alloy, okanye intsimbi engenasici. Ezi zixhobo zinamandla abalaseleyo, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa, okwenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kukufakelwa kwe-orthopedic. Ukongezelela, zi-inert kwaye aziphenduli kunye nezicubu zomzimba, zinciphisa umngcipheko wokugatywa okanye ukuvuvukala. Ezinye iipleyiti zokutshixa zinokuthi zifakwe kwizinto ezifana ne-hydroxyapatite okanye ezinye iingubo zokuphucula ukudibanisa kwazo kunye nezicubu zethambo.
Yeyiphi ipleyiti eyi-titanium engcono okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo?
Zombini iipleyiti ze-titanium kunye nensimbi engenasici zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhaqho lwamathambo, kubandakanywa neepleyiti zokutshixa. Ukhetho phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa uhlobo lotyando, imbali yonyango yesigulane kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo, kunye namava ogqirha kunye nokukhetha.
I-Titanium yimathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu kwaye eyomeleleyo ehambelana ne-biocompatible kwaye imelana nokubola, iyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo lokufakelwa kwezonyango. Iipleyiti ze-Titanium zincinci kuneeplate zensimbi ezingenasici, ezinokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwithambo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphilisa. Ukongezelela, iipleyiti ze-titanium zine-radiolucent ngakumbi, oku kuthetha ukuba aziphazamisi iimvavanyo ze-imaging ezifana ne-X-rays okanye i-MRI.
Insimbi engenasici, kwelinye icala, iyinto eyomeleleyo kwaye iqinile kwaye ihambelana ne-biocompatible kwaye iyamelana nokubola. Isetyenziswe kwi-orthopedic implants amashumi eminyaka kwaye yinto ezamayo kwaye iyinyani. Iipleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici zingabizi kakhulu kuneepleyiti ze-titanium, ezinokuqwalaselwa kwezinye izigulane.
Kutheni iipleyiti ze-titanium zisetyenziselwa utyando?
Iipleyiti ze-Titanium zihlala zisetyenziselwa utyando ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezizodwa ezenza zibe yinto efanelekileyo yokufakelwa kwezonyango. Ezinye zezibonelelo zokusebenzisa iipleyiti ze-titanium kutyando ziquka:
I-Biocompatibility: I-Titanium ihambelana kakhulu ne-biocompatible, oku kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukusabela komzimba okanye ukukhatywa ngumzimba wokuzivikela. Oku kwenza ukuba kube yinto ekhuselekileyo kunye nethembekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiifakelo zonyango.
Amandla kunye nokuqina: I-Titanium yenye yezona zimbiwa zinamandla kwaye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala khona.
Ukumelana nokukhula: I-Titanium ixhathisa kakhulu ekudlekeni kwaye ayinakufane ibe nokusabela kulwelo lomzimba okanye ezinye izinto ezisemzimbeni. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukufakelwa kokugrumba okanye ukuthotywa ekuhambeni kwexesha.
I-Radiopacity: I-Titanium ine-radiopaque ephezulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba inokubonwa lula kwi-X-reyi nakwezinye iimvavanyo ze-imaging. Oku kwenza kube lula koogqirha ukuba babeke iliso kwisifakelo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iipleyiti zokutshixa?
Iipleyiti zokutshixa zisetyenziselwa utyando lwamathambo ukunika uzinzo kunye nenkxaso kumathambo aqhekekileyo, aphukileyo, okanye abuthathaka ngenxa yesifo okanye ukulimala.
Ipleyiti idityaniswe kwithambo isebenzisa izikrufu, kwaye izikrufu zitshixa kwipleyiti, zenza i-fixed-angle construction enika inkxaso eyomeleleyo yethambo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphilisa. Iipleyiti zokutshixa ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kunyango lokuqhekeka kwesihlahla, i-forearm, i-ankle kunye nomlenze, kunye notyando lokudityaniswa komgogodla kunye nezinye iinkqubo zamathambo.
Ziluncedo ngokukodwa kwiimeko apho ithambo lincinci okanye i-osteoporotic, njengoko indlela yokuvala i-plate inikeza ukuzinza okongeziweyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokufakelwa.
Isebenza njani ipleyiti yethambo?
Isitya sethambo sisixhobo sonyango esisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa ukuphuka kwamathambo ngexesha lokuphulukisa. Liqhekeza lentsimbi elisicaba, elenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo okanye i-titanium, encanyathiselwa kumphezulu wethambo kusetyenziswa izikrufu. I-plate isebenza njengengqungquthela yangaphakathi yokubamba amacandelo amathambo aphukileyo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngokuzinza ngexesha lokuphulukisa. Izikrufu zikhusela ipleyiti kwithambo, kwaye ipleyiti ibamba amaqhekeza amathambo kwindawo echanekileyo. Amacwecwe amathambo enzelwe ukubonelela ukulungiswa okuqinileyo kunye nokuthintela ukunyakaza kwindawo yokuphuka, evumela ukuba ithambo liphilise ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ithambo liya kukhula lijikeleze ipleyiti kwaye lifake kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Emva kokuba ithambo liphilile ngokupheleleyo, ipleyiti inokususwa, nangona oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko.
Ngaba izikrufu zokutshixa zibonelela ngoxinzelelo?
Izikrufu zokutshixa aziboneleli ngoxinzelelo, njengoko zenzelwe ukutshixa kwipleyiti kwaye zizinzise amaqhekeza amathambo ngolwakhiwo lwe-angle esisigxina. Uxinzelelo luphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa izikrufu ezingavaliyo ezibekwe kwiindawo zokucinezela okanye kwimingxuma yepleyiti, evumela ukunyanzeliswa kwamathambo ethambo njengoko izikrufu ziqiniswa.
Ngaba iipleyiti nezikrufu zibuhlungu?
Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuva iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi emva kokuba kufakwe iipleyiti kunye nezikrufu ngexesha lotyando. Nangona kunjalo, iintlungu kufuneka zithobe ekuhambeni kwexesha njengoko umzimba uphilisa kwaye indawo yotyando ibuyela. Iintlungu zinokulawulwa ngamayeza kunye nonyango lomzimba. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo emva kokuhlinzwa enikezelwa ngugqirha kwaye uxele naziphi na iintlungu eziqhubekayo okanye ezibuhlungu kwiqela lezonyango. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-hardware (iipleyiti kunye nezikrufu) zinokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle okanye intlungu, kwaye kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha unokuncoma ukususwa kwe-hardware.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba amathambo aphole ngeepleyiti kunye nezikrufu?
Ixesha elithathayo ukuba amathambo aphilise ngamacwecwe kunye nezikrufu zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu bokulimala, indawo yokulimala, uhlobo lwethambo, kunye nobudala kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunokuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi ukuze amathambo aphilise ngokupheleleyo ngoncedo lweepleyiti kunye nezikrufu.
Ngexesha lokuqala lokuchacha, elihlala lihlala malunga neeveki ezi-6-8, isigulana kuya kufuneka sinxibe isamente okanye izihlangu zezilima ezidityaniswe ngentsinjana/ngeplangana ukugcina indawo echaphazelekayo ingashukumi kwaye ikhuselwe. Emva kweli xesha, isigulane sinokuqalisa unyango lomzimba okanye ukuvuselelwa ukuze uncede ukuphucula uluhlu lwentshukumo kunye namandla kwindawo echaphazelekayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba inkqubo yokuphilisa ayigqitywanga xa i-cast okanye i-brace isusiwe, kwaye kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba ithambo lihlaziye ngokupheleleyo kwaye liphinde lifumane amandla alo okuqala. Kwezinye iimeko, izigulane zinokufumana iintlungu ezishiyekileyo okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwiinyanga eziliqela emva kokulimala, nasemva kokuba ithambo liphilisiwe.
