Ziyini Isiqephu Esikhulu?
I-Large Fragment ibhekisela eqenjini lezimila zokuqinisa amathambo ezisetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni amathambo ukuze kwelashwe ukuphuka kwamathambo amade, njenge-femur (ithambo lethanga), i-tibia (ithambo lomlenze), ne-humerus (ithambo lengalo engenhla).
Lezi zimila zenzelwe ukuzinzisa ukuphuka ngokuvala igebe futhi zivumele ithambo ukuthi liphole endaweni efanele. Izimila ze-Large Fragment ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapuleti ensimbi nezikulufu ezifakwa ngokuhlinzwa endaweni yethambo ukuze kugcinwe izingcezu zamathambo.
Amapuleti nezikulufu kukhulu futhi kunamandla kunalawo asetshenziswa ekufakweni kwe-Small Fragment, njengoba adinga ukusekela isisindo esiningi futhi amelane namandla amakhulu. Izimila ze-Large Fragment zivame ukusetshenziswa ekwaphukeni okubucayi okudinga ukuqiniswa okubanzi.
Izinto zepuleti lokukhiya?
Amapuleti okukhiya ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezihambisana ne-biocompatible njenge-titanium, i-titanium alloy, noma insimbi engagqwali. Lezi zinto zinamandla amahle kakhulu, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala, okuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni kwamathambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayi-inert futhi ayiphenduli ngezicubu zomzimba, inciphisa ingozi yokwenqatshwa noma ukuvuvukala. Amanye amapuleti okukhiya angase ahlanganiswe nezinto ezifana ne-hydroxyapatite noma ezinye izigqoko ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanganiswa kwazo nezicubu zethambo.
Iliphi ipuleti elingcono le-titanium noma insimbi engagqwali?
Womabili amapuleti e-titanium kanye nensimbi engagqwali avame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni amathambo, okuhlanganisa namapuleti okukhiya. Ukukhetha phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili kuncike ezicini eziningana, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lokuhlinzwa, umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kanye nezintandokazi, kanye nolwazi lukadokotela ohlinzayo kanye nalokho akuthandayo.
I-Titanium iyimpahla engasindi futhi eqinile ehambisana ne-biocompatible futhi imelana nokugqwala, okuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokufakelwa kwezokwelapha. Amapuleti e-Titanium awaqinile kakhulu kunamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali, angasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka ethanjeni futhi akhuthaze ukuphulukiswa. Ukwengeza, amapuleti e-titanium anokukhanya okukhulu, okusho ukuthi awaphazamisi ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-X-ray noma i-MRI.
Insimbi engagqwali, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyimpahla enamandla futhi eqinile futhi ehambisana ne-biocompatible futhi imelana nokugqwala. Isetshenziswe ekufakweni kwe-orthopedic amashumi eminyaka futhi iyinto ezanyiwe futhi eyiqiniso. Amapuleti ensimbi angabizi kakhulu kunamapuleti e-titanium, okungaba ukucatshangelwa kwezinye iziguli.
Kungani amapuleti e-titanium esetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni?
Amapuleti e-Titanium avame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo eziyingqayizivele eziwenza abe yimpahla efanelekile yokufakelwa kwezokwelapha. Ezinye zezinzuzo zokusebenzisa amapuleti e-titanium ekuhlinzeni zifaka:
I-Biocompatibility: I-Titanium ihambisana kakhulu ne-biocompatible, okusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ibangele ukungezwani komzimba noma yenqatshwe amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kuyenza ibe impahla ephephile futhi enokwethenjelwa ukuze isetshenziswe ekufakweni kwezokwelapha.
Amandla nokuqina: I-Titanium ingenye yezinsimbi eziqine kakhulu nezihlala isikhathi eside, okuyenza ibe into efanelekile yezimila ezidinga ukumelana nezingcindezi nobunzima bokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: I-Titanium imelana kakhulu nokugqwala futhi mancane amathuba okuthi ibhekane noketshezi lomzimba noma ezinye izinto ezisemzimbeni. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukufakelwa ukuthi kungagqwali noma konakale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Radiopacity: I-Titanium ine-radiopaque ephezulu, okusho ukuthi ingabonakala kalula kuma-X ray nokunye ukuhlola kwezithombe. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi odokotela baqaphe ukufakelwa futhi baqinisekise ukuthi kusebenza kahle.
Asetshenziselwani amapuleti okukhiya?
Amapuleti okukhiya asetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni kwamathambo ukuze anikeze ukuzinza nokusekelwa emathanjeni aphukile, aphukile, noma abe buthakathaka ngenxa yezifo noma ukulimala.
Ipuleti linamathiselwe ethanjeni kusetshenziswa izikulufu, futhi izikulufu zikhiyelwa kupuleti, okudala ukwakheka kwe-engeli engashintshi okunikeza ukusekela okuqinile kwethambo phakathi nenqubo yokuphola. Amapuleti okukhiya avame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukuphuka kwesihlakala, ingalo, iqakala, nomlenze, kanye nasekuhlinzweni kokuhlanganiswa komgogodla nezinye izinqubo zamathambo.
Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ithambo lincane noma i-osteoporotic, njengoba indlela yokuvala ipuleti inikeza ukuzinza okwengeziwe futhi inciphisa ingozi yokuhluleka kokufakelwa.
Lisebenza kanjani ipuleti lethambo?
I-bone plate iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukuzinzisa ukuphuka kwamathambo phakathi nenqubo yokuphulukisa. Iwucezu lwensimbi oluyisicaba, ngokuvamile olwenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma i-titanium, olunamathiselwe ngaphezulu kwethambo kusetshenziswa izikulufu. Ipuleti lisebenza njengohlaka lwangaphakathi lokubamba izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile ngendlela efanele futhi linikeze ukuzinza phakathi nenqubo yokuphulukisa. Izikulufu zivikela ipuleti ethanjeni, futhi ipuleti libamba izingcezu zethambo ngendlela efanele. Amapuleti amathambo aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokulungiswa okuqinile futhi avimbele ukunyakaza endaweni yokuphuka, okuvumela ithambo ukuthi liphole kahle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ithambo lizokhula lizungeze ipuleti futhi lilihlanganise nezicubu ezizungezile. Uma ithambo selipholile ngokugcwele, ipuleti lingasuswa, nakuba lokhu kungadingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ingabe izikulufu zokukhiya zinikeza ukucindezelwa?
Izikulufu zokukhiya azihlinzeki ngokuminyanisa, njengoba ziklanyelwe ukukhiya epuletini futhi zizinzise izingcezu zamathambo ngokwakhiwa kwe-engeli engaguquki. Ukucindezela kufinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa izikulufu ezingakhiyi ezibekwe ezindaweni zokuminyanisa noma emigodini yepuleti, okuvumela ukuminyaniswa kwezingcezu zamathambo njengoba izikulufu ziqiniswa.
Ingabe amapuleti nezikulufu kubuhlungu?
Kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki ngemva kokufakwa amapuleti nezikulufu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, ubuhlungu kufanele buphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba umzimba ululama futhi indawo yokuhlinza ilulama. Ubuhlungu bungalawuleka ngemithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yangemva kokuhlinzwa enikezwa udokotela ohlinzayo futhi ubike noma yibuphi ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma obuba nzima ethimbeni lezokwelapha. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-hardware (amapuleti nezikulufu) ingabangela ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu, futhi ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela ohlinzayo angase ancome ukukhishwa kwehadiwe.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi amathambo aphole ngamapuleti nezikulufu?
Isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze amathambo aphole ngamapuleti nezikulufu singahluka kuye ngobunzima bokulimala, indawo yokulimala, uhlobo lwethambo, ubudala kanye nempilo yonke yesiguli. Ngokuvamile, kungathatha amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze amathambo alulame ngokuphelele ngosizo lwamapuleti nezikulufu.
Ngesikhathi sokuqala sokululama, esivame ukuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-6-8, isiguli kuzodingeka sigqoke ukhonkolo noma ibhulashi ukuze sigcine indawo ethintekile inganyakazi futhi ivikelekile. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, isiguli singase siqale ukwelashwa ngokomzimba noma ukuvuselelwa ukuze kusize ukuthuthukisa uhla lokunyakaza namandla endaweni ethintekile.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi inqubo yokuphulukisa ayiphelele uma uhlaka noma ibhulashi selikhishiwe, futhi kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze ithambo lilungise kabusha futhi liphinde lithole amandla alo asekuqaleni. Kwezinye izimo, iziguli zingase zizwe ubuhlungu obusele noma ukungakhululeki izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokulimala, ngisho nangemva kokuba ithambo selipholile.
