Yintoni izikrufu zamathambo?
Izikrufu zamathambo ziintlobo ezikhethekileyo zezikrufu ezisetyenziswa kuqhaqho lwamathambo ukulungisa amathambo kunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwa okanye i-titanium kwaye ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neemilo ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo esithile sotyando.
Izikrufu zamathambo zisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lweenkqubo, ezifana nokulungiswa kwe-fracture, i-spinal fusion, i-joint replacement, kunye ne-osteotomy. Zenzelwe ukubonelela ngokulungiswa okuqinileyo kwangaphakathi kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo. Izikrufu zamathambo zinokuzicofa okanye azicofe, kwaye zinokufakwa ngesandla okanye zisebenzisa izixhobo zamandla.
Ukukhethwa kwesikrufu sethambo kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, ezifana nobukhulu kunye nokumila kwethambo, uhlobo lokwaphuka, kunye nokukhethwa ngugqirha wotyando.
Loluphi uhlobo lwezikrufu ezisetyenziswa emathanjeni?
Izikrufu ezisetyenziswa kwithambo ziqhele ukwenziwa ngentsimbi, njengentsimbi engatyiwa okanye i-titanium. Uhlobo lwesikrufu esisetyenzisiweyo luxhomekeke kwisicelo esithile kunye nokhetho logqirha wotyando. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zezikrufu zamathambo ziquka izikrufu zecortical, izikrufu ezikhanyisayo, kunye nezikrufu ezinkonkxiweyo. Izikrufu zeCortical zisetyenziselwa amathambo ashinyeneyo, njengakwishafti yamathambo amade, ngelixa izikrufu ezikhanyisayo zisetyenziswa kwithambo elithambileyo, njengasekupheleni kwamathambo amade kunye nakwivertebrae. Izikrufu ze-Cannulated zine-core hollow ezivumela ukuba zifakwe phezu kocingo lwesikhokelo, olunokuba luncedo kwiimeko ezithile.
Zeziphi iintlobo zezikrufu zamathambo?
Kukho iindidi ezininzi zezikrufu zamathambo ezisetyenziswa kuqhaqho lwamathambo, kuquka:
Izikrufu zeCortical: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa ithambo le-cortical, umaleko oqinileyo wangaphandle wethambo. Bane-shaft ephothiweyo ngokungaphelelanga kunye nesiphelo esincancisiweyo.
Izikrufu zeCancellous: Ezi zikrufu ziyilelwe ukulungisa ithambo elirhoxisayo, umaleko othambileyo wangaphakathi wethambo. Bane-shaft efakwe ngokupheleleyo kunye nesiphelo esibuthuntu.
I-Cannulated Screws: Ezi zikrufu zineziko elingenanto, elivumela ucingo lwesikhokelo okanye ezinye izixhobo ukuba zidlule kuzo. Zisetyenziswa kuqhaqho olungephi.
Izikrufu ezingenantloko: Ezi zikrufu azinantloko kwaye zenzelwe ukuba zichaneke kwithambo. Zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo apho intloko ye-screw ingaphazamisa ukuhamba ngokubambisana.
Izikrufu zokutshixa: Ezi zikrufu zinentloko enemisonto etshixa kwipleyiti, zenza ulwakhiwo olusisigxina. Zisetyenziswa kwiipateni zokuqhekeka ezingazinzanga okanye kwithambo le-osteoporotic.
Izikrufu zokuzicofa: Ezi zikrufu zenzelwe ukucofa imisonto yazo njengoko zifakwe ethanjeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa utyando lwamathambo.
I-Self-Drilling Screws: Ezi zikrufu zine-drill bit encanyathiselwe ekupheleni, ezivumela ukuba zigrumbe umngxuma wazo wokulingwa njengoko zifakwe kwithambo.
Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-screw kuxhomekeke kwindawo yethambo eliza kulungiswa, uhlobo lwethambo, ipateni yokuphuka, kunye nokukhethwa kogqirha.
Ngaba izikrufu zamathambo zisisigxina?
Izikrufu zamathambo zinokuba zisigxina okanye zethutyana, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando kunye nemeko yesigulane. Kwezinye iimeko, izikrufu zenzelwe ukuba zibe sisigxina kwaye zenzelwe ukuba zihlale emathanjeni ubomi besigulane ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki.
Kwezinye iimeko, njengaxa i-screws isetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-fracture okanye i-spinal fusion, inokususwa emva kokuba ithambo liphilisiwe okanye ukudibanisa kwenzeke. Isigqibo sokuba kususwe izikrufu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala besigulana, ubume bempilo, kunye nohlobo lotyando olwenziweyo.
Ngaba izikrufu emathanjeni ziyarusa?
Uninzi lwezikrufu zamathambo ezisetyenziselwa utyando lwamathambo lwanamhlanje zenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-titanium okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo, ekwaziyo ukumelana nokurusa.
Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunokwenzeka ukuba izikrufu zinokugqwala okanye zithobeke, ngakumbi ukuba kukho ukuvezwa kumanzi omzimba okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukubola. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki, ezifana nosulelo okanye ukukhulula isikrufu.
Kubalulekile ukuba izigulane zilandele imiyalelo yogqirha wazo wokunyamekela kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-implant yabo ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa izikrufu zikhutshwa emathanjeni?
Xa izikrufu zikhutshwa emathanjeni, imingxuma eye yagrunjwa ukufaka izikrufu ingahlala ivulekile kangangexesha elithile, de ithambo libe nethuba lokuzalisa izikhewu kwaye liphole ngokupheleleyo.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukususwa kwezikhonkwane kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okanye intlungu ixesha elifutshane njengoko umzimba uhlengahlengisa kwaye inkqubo yokuphilisa iyaqhubeka.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, ukukhutshwa kwezikrufu emathanjeni kuyindlela elula kwaye ephantsi yomngcipheko, kwaye izigulane ezininzi ziyakwazi ukuqalisa imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki emva kokuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokhathalelo lwasemva kokusebenza kunye naziphi na izithintelo kwimisebenzi yomzimba okanye ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphilisa.
