Ziziphi izixhobo zePleti zokutshixa?
Izixhobo zepleyiti zokutshixa zizixhobo zotyando ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufaka, ukubeka, kunye nokukhusela iipleyiti zokutshixa kwiindawo zamathambo ngexesha lotyando lwamathambo. Ezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukubonelela ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kwamacwecwe okutshixa, okuvumela ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kweefractures kunye nokukhubazeka kwamathambo.
Izixhobo zepleyiti zokutshixa zibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, ezinje ngeeclamps zamathambo, iiforceps zokunciphisa, iiplate benders, iiplate cutters, screwdrivers, kunye nedrill. Ezi zixhobo zenziwe kwi-high-quality stainless steel okanye i-titanium, ziqinisekisa ukuhlala kwazo kunye nokuchasana nokubola.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeplate yokutshixa kunokunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo wezicubu, ukunciphisa ixesha lotyando, kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zotyando. Oogqirha bamathambo kunye nabanye abachwephesha bokhathalelo lwempilo bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ukuze babe nobuchule ekusebenziseni ezi zixhobo, ezifuna ukuphathwa okuchanekileyo kunye nobuthathaka.
Izixhobo zepleyiti yokutshixa izixhobo ?
Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zepleyiti zokutshixa zinokwahluka, kodwa ziqhele ukwenziwa ngentsimbi yonyango engenastainless okanye i-titanium alloy. Ezi zixhobo zikhethwa ngamandla azo, ukuqina, kunye ne-biocompatibility kunye nomzimba womntu. Ezinye izixhobo zinokuba neengubo ezongezelelweyo okanye unyango olungaphezulu ukomeleza ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye neengubo zokutshixa izixhobo zepleyiti kunokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lotyando, imbali yempilo yesigulana, kunye nokukhethwa ngugqirha wotyando.
Yeyiphi ipleyiti eyi-titanium engcono okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo?
Zombini iipleyiti ze-titanium kunye nensimbi engenasici zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhaqho lwamathambo, kubandakanywa neepleyiti zokutshixa. Ukhetho phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa uhlobo lotyando, imbali yonyango yesigulane kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo, kunye namava ogqirha kunye nokukhetha.
I-Titanium yimathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu kwaye eyomeleleyo ehambelana ne-biocompatible kwaye imelana nokubola, iyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo lokufakelwa kwezonyango. Iipleyiti ze-Titanium zincinci kuneeplate zensimbi ezingenasici, ezinokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwithambo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphilisa. Ukongezelela, iipleyiti ze-titanium zine-radiolucent ngakumbi, oku kuthetha ukuba aziphazamisi iimvavanyo ze-imaging ezifana ne-X-rays okanye i-MRI.
Insimbi engenasici, kwelinye icala, iyinto eyomeleleyo kwaye iqinile kwaye ihambelana ne-biocompatible kwaye iyamelana nokubola. Isetyenziswe kwi-orthopedic implants amashumi eminyaka kwaye yinto ezamayo kwaye iyinyani. Iipleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici zingabizi kakhulu kuneepleyiti ze-titanium, ezinokuqwalaselwa kwezinye izigulane.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile kunye nokukhethwa kwesigulane kunye nogqirha.
Kutheni iipleyiti ze-titanium zisetyenziselwa utyando?
Iipleyiti ze-Titanium zihlala zisetyenziselwa utyando ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezizodwa ezenza zibe yinto efanelekileyo yokufakelwa kwezonyango. Ezinye zezibonelelo zokusebenzisa iipleyiti ze-titanium kutyando ziquka:
I-Biocompatibility: I-Titanium ihambelana kakhulu ne-biocompatible, oku kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukusabela komzimba okanye ukukhatywa ngumzimba wokuzivikela. Oku kwenza ukuba kube yinto ekhuselekileyo kunye nethembekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiifakelo zonyango.
Amandla kunye nokuqina: I-Titanium yenye yezona zimbiwa zinamandla kwaye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala khona.
Ukumelana nokukhula: I-Titanium ixhathisa kakhulu ekudlekeni kwaye ayinakufane ibe nokusabela kulwelo lomzimba okanye ezinye izinto ezisemzimbeni. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukufakelwa kokugrumba okanye ukuthotywa ekuhambeni kwexesha.
I-Radiopacity: I-Titanium ine-radiopaque ephezulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba inokubonwa lula kwi-X-reyi nakwezinye iimvavanyo ze-imaging. Oku kwenza kube lula koogqirha ukuba babeke iliso kwisifakelo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iipleyiti zokutshixa?
Iipleyiti zokutshixa zisetyenziselwa utyando lwamathambo ukunika uzinzo kunye nenkxaso kumathambo aqhekekileyo, aphukileyo, okanye abuthathaka ngenxa yesifo okanye ukulimala. Ipleyiti idityaniswe kwithambo isebenzisa izikrufu, kwaye izikrufu zitshixa kwipleyiti, zenza i-fixed-angle construction enika inkxaso eyomeleleyo yethambo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphilisa. Iipleyiti zokutshixa ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kunyango lokuqhekeka kwesihlahla, i-forearm, i-ankle kunye nomlenze, kunye notyando lokudityaniswa komgogodla kunye nezinye iinkqubo zamathambo. Ziluncedo ngokukodwa kwiimeko apho ithambo lincinci okanye i-osteoporotic, njengoko indlela yokuvala i-plate inikeza ukuzinza okongeziweyo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokufakelwa.
Isebenza njani ipleyiti yethambo?
Isitya sethambo sisixhobo sonyango esisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa ukuphuka kwamathambo ngexesha lokuphulukisa. Liqhekeza lentsimbi elisicaba, elenziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo okanye i-titanium, encanyathiselwa kumphezulu wethambo kusetyenziswa izikrufu. I-plate isebenza njengengqungquthela yangaphakathi yokubamba amacandelo amathambo aphukileyo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngokuzinza ngexesha lokuphulukisa. Izikrufu zikhusela ipleyiti kwithambo, kwaye ipleyiti ibamba amaqhekeza amathambo kwindawo echanekileyo. Amacwecwe amathambo enzelwe ukubonelela ukulungiswa okuqinileyo kunye nokuthintela ukunyakaza kwindawo yokuphuka, evumela ukuba ithambo liphilise ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ithambo liya kukhula lijikeleze ipleyiti kwaye lifake kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Emva kokuba ithambo liphilile ngokupheleleyo, ipleyiti inokususwa, nangona oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko.
Ngaba izikrufu zokutshixa zibonelela ngoxinzelelo?
Izikrufu zokutshixa aziboneleli ngoxinzelelo, njengoko zenzelwe ukutshixa kwipleyiti kwaye zizinzise amaqhekeza amathambo ngolwakhiwo lwe-angle esisigxina. Uxinzelelo luphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa izikrufu ezingavaliyo ezibekwe kwiindawo zokucinezela okanye kwimingxuma yepleyiti, evumela ukunyanzeliswa kwamathambo ethambo njengoko izikrufu ziqiniswa.
Ngaba iipleyiti nezikrufu zibuhlungu?
Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuva iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi emva kokuba kufakwe iipleyiti kunye nezikrufu ngexesha lotyando. Nangona kunjalo, iintlungu kufuneka zithobe ekuhambeni kwexesha njengoko umzimba uphilisa kwaye indawo yotyando ibuyela. Iintlungu zinokulawulwa ngamayeza kunye nonyango lomzimba. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo emva kokuhlinzwa enikezelwa ngugqirha kwaye uxele naziphi na iintlungu eziqhubekayo okanye ezibuhlungu kwiqela lezonyango. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-hardware (iipleyiti kunye ne-screws) inokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle okanye intlungu, kwaye kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha unokuncoma ukususwa kwe-hardware.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba amathambo aphole ngeepleyiti kunye nezikrufu?
Ixesha elithathayo ukuba amathambo aphilise ngamacwecwe kunye nezikrufu zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu bokulimala, indawo yokulimala, uhlobo lwethambo, kunye nobudala kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunokuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi ukuze amathambo aphilise ngokupheleleyo ngoncedo lweepleyiti kunye nezikrufu.
Ngexesha lokuqala lokuchacha, elihlala lihlala malunga neeveki ezi-6-8, isigulana kuya kufuneka sinxibe isamente okanye izihlangu zezilima ezidityaniswe ngentsinjana/ngeplangana ukugcina indawo echaphazelekayo ingashukumi kwaye ikhuselwe. Emva kweli xesha, isigulane sinokuqalisa unyango lomzimba okanye ukuvuselelwa ukuze uncede ukuphucula uluhlu lwentshukumo kunye namandla kwindawo echaphazelekayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba inkqubo yokuphilisa ayigqitywanga xa i-cast okanye i-brace isusiwe, kwaye kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba ithambo lihlaziye ngokupheleleyo kwaye liphinde lifumane amandla alo okuqala. Kwezinye iimeko, izigulane zinokufumana iintlungu ezishiyekileyo okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwiinyanga eziliqela emva kokulimala, nasemva kokuba ithambo liphilisiwe.
