Reba: 35 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2022-09-07 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Prothèse ya sima ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane Igikoresho cyatewe mu magufa method uburyo bwo gukosora muburyo bwo kubaga hamwe. Aho kwishingikiriza ku mikurire y’amagufwa y’ibinyabuzima, iyatewe irahagarara hifashishijwe sima yamagufa - cyane cyane methacrylate ya polymethyl (PMMA) - kugirango igere ku buryo bwihuse hagati ya prostate n'amagufwa yakiriye.
Izi ngamba zo gukosora zemejwe mumavuriro mumyaka mirongo kandi iracyari amahitamo yizewe muri arthroplastique igezweho, cyane cyane mubantu barwayi aho ubwiza bwamagufwa bugabanya imikorere yikosora cyangwa sima idafite.

Isima yamagufa ntabwo ikora nkibinyabuzima. Ahubwo, ikora nk'imikoreshereze yimitwaro yuzuza icyuho cya microscopique hagati yubuso bwatewe namagufwa. Binyuze muri sima interdigitation, imihangayiko ikwirakwizwa cyane, bigabanya micromotion kumurongo watewe - amagufwa.
Uku gutekinika gukomeye ni ngombwa cyane cyane mugihe cyambere cyo gutangira, mugihe gukosorwa byihuse bishyigikira ubukangurambaga hakiri kare no gukira neza. Kugirango urusheho gusobanukirwa imyitwarire ya sima nibikoresho, abasomyi bakunze gukoresha amagufwa ya sima orthopedic progaramu muri sisitemu yo gusimbuza hamwe.
Prothèse ya sima isabwa cyane cyane kubarwayi bageze mu zabukuru, abantu barwaye osteoporose, cyangwa abarwayi bafite amagufwa yagabanutse. Muri ibi bihe, kugera kubuzima bwizewe bwibinyabuzima hamwe no gushiramo sima birashobora kugorana.
Isima ikosowe itanga ituze ryateganijwe hatitawe ku bucucike bwamagufwa, bigatuma ihitamo mugihe gikosowe byihuse hamwe no kugenzura imitwaro isabwa.
Muri hip arthroplasty, ibiti by'igitsina gore bya sima byatoranijwe kenshi kubarwayi bakeneye kubyara kare cyangwa bahari bafite amagufwa yabagore. Muri arthroplasti yivi, sima ya tibial yibice hamwe na buto ya patellar ikomeza kuba imyitozo isanzwe mubice byinshi kwisi.
Ubu buryo busanzwe bukorwa hifashishijwe ibisanzwe ikibuno gisimbuza prothèse na sisitemu yo gusimbuza ivi , bitewe na anatomiya yumurwayi nintego zo kubaga.

Kimwe mu byiza byibanze bya sima ya sima ni ugukosora byihuse. Abarwayi barashobora gutangira gukangurira no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe hakiri kare ugereranije na sisitemu idafite sima, biterwa na osseointegration y'igihe kirekire.
Ku barwayi bafite amagufwa ya suboptimal, gutinda gukosora ibinyabuzima bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwimuka hakiri kare, bigatuma sima ikosorwa neza kandi birashoboka.
Hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwa sima, kurokoka igihe kirekire kwa sima ya sima byahinduwe na sisitemu idafite sima. Ariko, kubaga gusubiramo kubitera sima birashobora gusaba ubundi buryo bwo kuvanaho sima, bigomba gutekerezwa mugihe cyo gutoranya kwambere.
Mubihe bigoye, kubaga barashobora kwishingikiriza kubiyeguriye gusubiramo ingingo zasimbuwe zashizweho kugirango zikemure inenge zamagufwa nibibazo byo gukemura.
Ako kanya imashini ihagaze mugihe cyo kubagwa
Biteganijwe gukosorwa kubarwayi bafite amagufwa mabi
Kugabanya ibyago byo guterwa hakiri kare micromotion cyangwa kwimuka
Ibyavuye mu mavuriro maremare
Nubwo ibyiza byayo, gutunganya sima bifitanye isano ningaruka zihariye, harimo syndrome ya sima yo gutera sima, ingaruka zumuriro mugihe cya polymerisiyonike, hamwe no kongera tekinike mugihe cyo gusubiramo. Izi ngaruka ziragabanuka cyane mugihe hakurikijwe protocole ikwiye ya sima hamwe nubuhanga bwo kubaga.
Ubuhanga bugezweho bwa sima bugira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imbaraga zo gukosora nibisubizo byigihe kirekire. Intambwe zingenzi zirimo gutegura imiyoboro ikwiye, kuvanga vacuum ivangwa na sima yamagufa, hamwe nigitutu cya sima igenzurwa kugirango irusheho kwinjira mumagufwa ya kanseri.
Ubu buhanga busanzwe bukorwa hifashishijwe abiyeguriye orthopedic ibikoresho byo kubaga kugirango bisimburwe hamwe , bifasha kwemeza guhora no kubyara mugihe cyo guterwa.
Prothèse ya sima ikomeje kuba igisubizo cyizewe kandi cyemewe mubuvuzi mugikorwa cyo kubaga gusimburana. Iyo ibintu byihariye byabarwayi-nkubusaza, kugabanuka kw amagufwa, cyangwa gukenera guhita nyuma yuburwayi-bihari, gukosora sima bikomeje kugira uruhare runini mubikorwa bya ortopedie bigezweho.
Aho gusimburwa na sisitemu idafite sima, prothèse ya sima yagiye ihindagurika hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwo kubaga no gushushanya, bikomeza akamaro kabo muri arthroplastique ya none.
Gukosora sima bikunze gukundwa kubarwayi bageze mu zabukuru kuko bitanga umutekano muke kandi ntibishingiye kumitsi yamagufa, bishobora kuba bike kubera kugabanuka kwamagufwa.
Hamwe noguhitamo neza abarwayi hamwe nubuhanga bukwiye bwo kubaga, prothèse sima irashobora gukora neza mumyaka 15-20 cyangwa irenga.
Yego. Nubwo kubaga ubugororangingo bishobora gukenerwa cyane mubuhanga kubera kuvanaho sima, prothèse ya sima irashobora gusubirwamo neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga bwashyizweho.
Ubuvuzi bwa sima yo mu rwego rwubuvuzi bwakoreshejwe mu kubaga amagufwa mu myaka mirongo kandi bufite umwirondoro w’umutekano wanditse neza iyo ukoreshejwe ukurikije amavuriro.
Yego. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zogukosorwa sima ni ihungabana ryimashini, akenshi rishyigikira ubukangurambaga no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe.
Rwose. Gukosora sima bikomeje kuba ibintu bisanzwe kandi byemewe muburyo bwinshi bwo gusimbuza ikibuno n'amavi kwisi yose.
Ubwiza bwamagufa, imyaka yumurwayi, urwego rwibikorwa, imiterere ya anatomique, nintego zo kubaga byose bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gukosorwa.
Yego. Sisitemu ya sima ikoreshwa kenshi mubisubiramo, cyane cyane iyo inenge yamagufa igabanya imikorere yo gutunganya ibinyabuzima.