I-meniscus yi-meniscus-shaped fibrocartilage ene-triangular cross-section ephakathi kwe-condyle ye-tibial kunye ne-plateau, ephucula kakhulu ukuhambelana kwe-femoro-tibial kunye nendima ebalulekileyo kwi-knee joint dynamics.I-meniscus yi-meniscus-shaped fibrocartilage ene-a

Ukuqhekeka kwe-Hip kuqikelelwa ukuba kuchaphazela abantu abadala abangama-500,000 eUnited States ngonyaka. Zinempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho wobomi, ngoku zibalelwa kwi-3-7% yokusweleka esibhedlele kunye nezinga lokufa konyaka omnye we-19.4-58%. Malunga nesiqingatha sazo zonke iifractures zehip are intertrochanteric (IT)

I-Periprosthetic fractures ye-proximal femur yingxaki enkulu kwi-hip arthroplasty. Isiganeko esixeliweyo yi-3.5% iminyaka engama-20 emva kokufakelwa kokuqala kunye nokunyuka kunye neziganeko zokutshintshwa ngokubambisana. Ukuqhekeka kwe-intraoperative kudla ngokudibaniswa neziqu ezingafakwanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, fra

I-proximal humerus fractures yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwi-trauma orthopedics, kwaye ininzi ye-humerus fractures i-low-energy osteoporotic fractures kubantu abadala.Nangona uninzi lwe-humerus fractures lunokuphathwa ngokucokisekileyo, i-10-15% ye-sfractures isafuna ukuphulwa.

Ukungazinzi kwegxala elingemva ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-posterior dislocation okanye ukuphindaphinda ukulimala okuncinci ngexesha lokuzilolonga okanye eminye imisebenzi, kunye nenani leziganeko zonyaka ze-4.64 kwi-100000 abantu ngonyaka. Iindlela ezininzi zotyando kunyango lwegxalaba elingasemva

I-Metacarpophalangeal fracture yinto eqhelekileyo kwi-trauma yesandla, echaza malunga ne-1/4 yezigulane ezine-trauma yesandla. ngenxa yesakhiwo esithambileyo nesintsokothileyo sesandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemoto, ukulawulwa kokwaphuka kwezandla kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye kuntsonkothile ngokobuchwephesha kunonyango lwezinye iifractures ezinde ze-tubular.

I-Humeral stem fractures (HSF) ixhaphakile, ibalelwa malunga ne-1% ukuya kwi-5% yazo zonke iifractures. Isiganeko sonyaka si-13 ukuya kwi-20 kubantu abayi-100,000 kwaye ifunyenwe ukuba yanda kunye nobudala. I-HSF ine-bimodal age distribution, kunye nencopho yokuqala eyenzeka kumadoda phakathi kwe-21 kunye ne-30 iminyaka

Ukungazinzi kwePatellofemoral (PFI) ixhaphake kukulimala kwamadolo kwabantwana. I-PFI ibangelwa kukungalingani kwe-patellar dynamic relationship kwi-femoral trochlear groove. Ukuchithwa kwangaphandle kwepatella kukugqithisa kwe-PFI, okubangelwa ukulimala kwe-stabilizer medial, okubangelwa ukuba i-patella ibethe i-condyle ye-femal lateral.

Amanzi ahlala ehamba kunye nokulimala kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango, abaguli kufuneka baphathwe xa bebonke.

I-Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) yenye indlela yotyando kwi-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) kunyango lwe-unicompartmental osteoarthritis. Nangona kunjalo, idatha yezinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-UKA libonisa i-7-year-survival rate ye-74%, ephantsi kakhulu kune-TKA (92%). Nangona imiba yezigulane ezayo inyusa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli, njengezigulana eziselula kunye ne-body mass index (BMI) inokunyusa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwe-UKA, iimpazamo zobuchwephesha botyando ziye zabonwa njengemiba ebalulekileyo yomngcipheko wokusilela kwangoko. Kwi-UKA, kulucelomngeni ukufezekisa ukulungelelaniswa kweprosthetic kunye ne-overhang (overhang). I-prosthesis ye-tibial kufuneka ibe nobukhulu kwaye ifakwe ngendlela yokunciphisa ukucaphuka kwezicubu ezithambileyo, kwaye i-medial tibial overhang engaphezu kwe-3 mm ibonakaliswe njengengozi enkulu yokunciphisa i-Oxford Knee Score (OKS) kunye nokwanda kwentlungu. Eyona njongo iphambili yolu phononongo yayikukuvavanya zonke iziphumo zeklinikhi kunye nemifanekiso ye-UKA.