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Sehlopha, Tlhahlobo ea Tleliniki le Kalafo ea Intertrochanteric Fractures ea Femur

Maikutlo: 0     Mongoli: Nako ea Phatlalatso ea Mohlophisi oa Sebaka: 2025-09-24 Tšimoloho: Sebaka

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Tlhaloso ea Intertrochanteric Fractures of the Femur

Li-intertrochanteric fractures tsa femur (tse tsejoang hape e le trochanteric fractures) li bua ka ho robeha ho hlahang botlaaseng ba molala oa botšehali ho ea boemong bo ka holimo ho trochanter e nyenyane. Lipontšo li kenyelletsa bohloko ba sebakeng seo, ho ruruha, ecchymosis. Bakuli ha ba khone ho tsamaea, ka ho khutsufatsa, ho fokotsa, le ho potoloha ka ntle ho setho se amehileng, le mefuta e fokolang ea ho sisinyeha ha motsoako oa hip.

Ho robeha hona ho etsa 3% - 4% ea fractures tsohle 'meleng le 35.7% ea ho robeha ha letheka. Kotsi e eketseha ka lilemo, e ata haholo ho batho ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 70, 'me e atile haholo ho basali ho feta ho banna.

Anatomy e sebelisitsoeng ea Intertrochanteric Fractures of the Femur

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Triangle ea Ward

Sebaka se tlokotsing sa kgutlotharo se thehoa sebakeng se bohareng moo molala oa femoral trabeculae cross. Ho batho ba hōlileng ba nang le lefu la ho fokola ha masapo, sebaka sena se tletse mafura feela.

Femoral Calcar

Letlapa le letenya la masapo le fumanehang ka morao - bohareng ho mateano a molala oa botšehali le shaft e tebileng ho trochanter e nyenyane. Ke katoloso ea karolo e ka morao - ea medial cortex ea femoral shaft ka har'a lesapo le hlakolang mme ke ntlha ea ts'ebeliso ea mojaro oa eccentric ho proximal femur.

Ho hlophisoa ha Hip Bone Trabeculae

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 Kereiti ea matla a mochine oa proximal femur:
(1) Sehlopha sa 6; (2) Kereiti ea 5; (3) Sehlopha sa 4; (4) Sehlopha sa 3; (5) Sehlopha sa 2; (6) Sehlopha sa 1

Mekhoa ea Kotsi ea Likheo tsa Intertrochanteric tsa Femur

Likotsi tsa Matla a Phahameng ho Bakuli ba Bacha

Ho robeha ha intertrochanteric ho bakuli ba banyenyane hangata ho bakoa ke likotsi tse phahameng tsa matla tse kang ho oa ho tloha bophahamong le likotsi tsa koloi. Maemo ana a ka 'na a lebisa ho robeheng ho matla,' me bakuli ba hloka ho behoa leihlo ka hloko bakeng sa likotsi tse amanang le tsona, ho kenyelletsa le tsa hlooho, mokokotlo le litho tsa sefuba le tsa mpa.

Lintlha tsa Phororo ho Bakuli ba Hōlileng

90% ea fractures ea intertrochanteric ho batho ba tsofetseng e bakoa ke ho oa. Lintho tse tlatsetsang tloaelong ea ho oa ha batho ba hōlileng li akarelletsa ho se bone hantle, ho fokotseha ha mesifa, khatello ea mali e sa tsitsang, ho fokotseha ha matla a ho itšoara, mafu a methapo ea mali le mafu a masapo le manonyeletso.
   Hore na ho oa ho fella ka ho robeha ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse hlano tse latelang: ho teba ha lefu la masapo a masapo, hore na ho oela hokae, haholo-holo ha letheka kapa sebaka se haufi le letheka se oela fatše, ho se lekane ha mekhoa e sireletsang ho fokotsa matla a ho oa, ho se khonehe ha lisele tse bonolo tsa letheka ho monya matla a lekaneng, le ho se be le matla a lekaneng a lesapo la noka.

Mefuta ea Pefo le Mekhoa ea ho Etsa

  1. Pefo e Otlolohileng: Likotsi tse phahameng tsa matla li sebetsa ka kotloloho lethekeng, joalo ka likotsi tsa sephethephethe kapa ho oela moo letheka le amehang ka kotloloho, e leng se lebisang ho robeheng.

  2. Tlhekefetso e sa Tobang: Ho hlekefetsoa ha 'mele ho lebisa letheka ho varus le khatello ea maikutlo pele. Ka trochanter e nyenyane e le fulcrum, e hatelloa ka matla, 'me ho ka' na ha boela ha e-ba le phello e hulang ea mesifa ea iliopsoas, ho etsa sekhechana sa lesapo se bōpehileng joaloka serurubele. Trochanter e kholo e ka boela ea theha sekhechana sa lesapo se arohaneng ka lebaka la ho hula ka matla ha mesifa ea gluteus medius.

Sehlopha sa Kliniki ea Likheo tsa Intertrochanteric tsa Femur

Evans Classification

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 E sebelisoang haholo mesebetsing ea bongaka. Evans o arotse fractures ea intertrochanteric ka mefuta e 'meli:

  1. Mofuta oa I: Trans - trochanteric fractures    Ho ea ka botsitso pele le ka mor'a ho fokotseha, e arotsoe hape ka li-subtypes tse 4:

    • Ⅰa: Ho robeha ha likarolo tse peli ntle le ho falla.

    • Ⅰb: Ho robeha ha likarolo tse peli ka ho falla, cortex ea medial e batla e tiile, 'me ho robeha ho tsitsitse ka mor'a ho fokotseha.

    • Ⅰc: The less trochanter ha e lefelloe, e na le phallo ea fracture le varus deformity; kapa trochanter e kholo ke sekhechana sa lesapo se arohaneng.

    • Ⅰd: Ho phaella ho fracture ea intertrochanteric, li-trochanters tse kholo le tse nyenyane li fetoha likaroloana tse arohaneng tsa masapo, tse nang le varus deformity.

    • Har'a tsona, mefuta Ⅰa le Ⅰb ke mefuta e tsitsitseng, 'me e meng ke mefuta e sa tsitsang.

  2. Mofuta oa II: Reverse - oblique intertrochanteric fractures
    Mofuta oa II ke fracture e ka morao - trochanteric fracture, e nang le mohala oa fracture o fetela ka mokhoa o oblique ho tloha ka tlase ho trochanter e kholo ho ea karolong e ka holimo ea trochanter e nyenyane.


AO Classification

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Mofuta oa A1: Ho robeha ha likarolo tse peli tse bonolo ka trochanter, ka tšehetso e ntle ea cortex ea masapo a bohareng le lateral bone cortex e tsitsitseng.

  1. Haufi le mola oa intertrochanteric.

  2. Ka trochanter e kholoanyane.

  3. Ka trochanter e nyane.


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Mofuta oa A2: Li-fractures tse entsoeng ka trochanter, tse nang le fractures ea cortex e bohareng ka lifofane tse peli, empa lateral bone cortex e lula e tiile.

  1. Ka sekhechana se le seng sa ho robeha ha bohareng.

  2. Ka likhechana tse 'maloa tsa bohareng ba fracture.

  3. E eketsa ho feta 1 cm ka tlase ho trochanter e nyane.


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Mofuta oa A3:  Reverse - intertrochanteric fractures, le ho robeha ha lateral cortex hape.

  1. Oblique.

  2. Phatlalatso.

  3. E khothalelitsoe.

Ka kakaretso, mefuta ea A1.1 ho ea ho A2.1 e nkoa e tsitsitse, 'me mefuta ea A2.2 ho ea ho A3.3 e nkoa e sa tsitsa.

Kalafo ea Opereishene ea Intertrochanteric Fractures ea Femur

Sepheo sa mantlha sa phekolo ea ho buuoa ke ho finyella ho lokisa ho tiileng ha fracture ea intertrochanteric ka mor'a ho fokotseha. Ho tiea ha ho lokisa ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse latelang: boleng ba masapo, mofuta oa fracture, ho fokotseha, moralo oa sesebelisoa sa ho lokisa ka hare, le boemo ba ho behoa ha thepa ea ho lokisa ka hare.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa ka hare bakeng sa ho phekola fractures ea intertrochanteric li 'nile tsa ntlafatsoa le ho ntlafatsoa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele. Har'a tsona, ho lokisa intramedullary, joalo ka PFNA le INTERTAN, hangata e sebelisoa e le sesebelisoa se tloaelehileng sa ho lokisa kahare.

PFNA bakeng sa Kalafo ea Intertrochanteric Fractures ea Femur

PFNA e sebelisoa bakeng sa fractures e sa tsitsang ea osteoporotic intertrochanteric e kang Evans Ic, Id, le Type II. E na le ts'ebetso e ntlafetseng, bokhoni bo botle ba ho thibela ho potoloha, nako e khutšoanyane ea ts'ebetso, tahlehelo e fokolang ea mali, mathata a fokolang, le monyetla o fokolang oa ho khaola lipekere tsa proximal, tse bontšang melemo e totobetseng ea phekolo.

PFNA Intramedullary Nail

PFNA e bontšoa bakeng sa fractures e sa tsitsang ea osteoporotic intertrochanteric (e kang Evans mefuta ea Ic, Id, le II). E bonts'a ts'ebetso e phahameng ka thepa e ntle ea ho thibela ho potoloha, nako e khuts'oane ea ts'ebetso, tahlehelo ea mali e fokotsehileng, le mathata a fokolang. Moralo oa helical blade oa sistimi o kopanya hantle lesapo, o fana ka matla a matla a ho ts'oara le ho fokotsa haholo kotsi ea ho khaoloa hloohong ea botšehali, ho fana ka melemo e ikhethang ea kalafo.

Femoral Neck System

INTERTAN bakeng sa Kalafo ea Intertrochanteric Fractures ea Femur

Ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea sejoale-joale ea bongaka, INTERTAN ke mofuta o mocha oa lipekere tsa intramedullary tse etselitsoeng ka ho khetheha ho alafa fractures ea intertrochanteric ea femur. Karolo ea sefapano sa sepekere sa eona se seholo ke trapezoidal. Ha e sebelisoa hammoho le manala a hokahaneng a proximal a kopantsoeng, e ka thibela phello ea 'Z'. Ho eketsoa ha lenala la bobeli le hlahelletseng hloohong ea botšehali ho eketsa phello e khahlanong le rotational ea sekoti sa lag. Nail ena ea intramedullary e na le mefuta e mengata ea likopo 'me e loketse bakuli ba nang le lefu la ho fokola ha masapo.

INTERTAN Intramedullary Nail

INTERTAN ke nala e ncha ea intramedullary e etselitsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho robeha ha intertrochanteric, e bontšang tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea morao-rao ea bongaka. Lenala la eona le ka sehloohong le na le karolo e ka holimo ea trapezoidal bakeng sa botsitso bo ntlafetseng. Karolo ea proximal e sebelisa mohaho o kopantsoeng o kopanyang (sekurufu sa lag le screw compression), e thibelang hantle 'Z-effect' (moo sekoti se le seng se khutlelang morao ha se seng se phunyeletsa hlooho ea botšehali). Sekoti se eketsehileng se lumella sekoti sa lag hore se tsoele pele ka har'a hlooho ea botšehali, se eketsa matla a sona a ho thibela ho potoloha. Lenala lena le na le mefuta e mengata ea matšoao 'me le loketse haholo-holo bakuli ba nang le lefu la ho fokola ha masapo.

Anterior Cervical Spine Fixation System

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INTERTAN Intramedullary Nail


INTERTAN Intramedullary Nail Box


INTERTAN Intramedullary Nail Instrument Set




PFNA Intramedullary Nail


PFNA Intramedullary Nail Box


PFNA Intramedullary Nail Instrument Set


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