Gutera umugongo ni iki?

Gutera umugongo nibikoresho byubuvuzi bikoreshwa muburyo bwa orthopedic na neurosurgical progaramu kugirango ituze kandi ishyigikire umugongo. Byaremewe kuvura imiterere itandukanye yumugongo, kunoza urutirigongo, no kugabanya ububabare. Gutera umugongo birashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kugarura imikorere isanzwe yumugongo no kuzamura imibereho yabantu bafite ikibazo cyumugongo.

Intangiriro

Urutirigongo, imiterere igoye ya vertebrae, disiki, na nervice, bigira uruhare runini mugutanga inkunga, kurinda, no kugenda kumubiri wumuntu. Ariko, kubera imyaka, ihahamuka, cyangwa izindi mpamvu, urutirigongo rushobora gukura ibintu biganisha ku bubabare, guhungabana, no gukora bike. Gutera umugongo ni igisubizo cyo gukemura ibyo bibazo no guteza imbere ubuzima bwumugongo.

Gusobanukirwa Uruti rw'umugongo

Ibisobanuro n'intego

Gutera umugongo ni ibikoresho byubuvuzi byatewe mu ruti rwumugongo kugirango bitange ituze, bikosore neza, byoroshye guhuza, kandi bigabanya ububabare. Mubisanzwe bikozwe mubikoresho biocompatible, nka titanium cyangwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda, kandi bigenewe kwigana imiterere karemano n'imikorere y'umugongo.

Ubwoko bwimitsi yumugongo

Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwo gutera umugongo burahari, buri kimwe gikora intego runaka. Ubwoko busanzwe burimo:

1. Imiyoboro ya pedicle: Iyi miyoboro yinjizwa muri pedicles ya vertebral kandi itanga ituze mugihe cyo guhuza.

2. Inkoni n'amasahani: Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa muguhagarika umugongo no guteza imbere guhuza urutirigongo.

3. Akazu ka interbody: Ibi byinjijwe hagati yumubiri wurugingo kugirango ugarure uburebure bwa disiki kandi utezimbere.

4. Disiki yubukorikori: Iyimikwa isimbuza disiki yangiritse, ikarinda uruti rwumugongo kandi igabanya urwego ruherekejwe.

   
   

Ibisabwa bisaba kwimura umugongo

Gutera umugongo bikoreshwa mukuvura ibintu byinshi byumugongo, harimo:

Indwara ya Disgenerative Indwara

Indwara ya degenerative ibaho iyo disiki ya intervertebral mu ruti rw'umugongo ishira igihe, bigatera ububabare kandi bikagabanuka. Gutera umugongo, nka disiki yubukorikori cyangwa akazu kamwe, birashobora gufasha kugarura uburebure bwa disiki, kugabanya ububabare, no gukomeza urutirigongo.

Kuvunika umugongo

Kuvunika umugongo birashobora guturuka ku gukomeretsa, osteoporose, cyangwa ibibyimba. Gutera umugongo, nk'inkoni n'imigozi, birashobora gukoreshwa muguhagarika urutirigongo rwacitse, guteza imbere gukira, no kwirinda ko byangirika.

Ubumuga bw'umugongo

ities muguhindura umugongo no gukomeza kugabanuka neza. Iyimikwa itanga ituze kandi ikabuza iterambere ryimiterere.

Inyungu zo Gutera Umugongo

Gutera umugongo bitanga inyungu nyinshi kubantu bafite uruti rwumugongo, harimo:

Kubabara

Imwe mumigambi yibanze yo kubaga umugongo ni ukugabanya ububabare. Mugukomeza urutirigongo no kugabanya umuvuduko wimitsi, gutera umugongo birashobora kugabanya cyane urwego rwububabare no kunoza ihumure muri rusange.

Kunoza umutekano no kugenda

Gutera umugongo byongera imbaraga zumugongo, bikarinda kugenda cyane hagati yintegamubiri. Iterambere ryiyongereye ryemerera gukwirakwiza neza imitwaro, kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwinshi, kandi biteza imbere kugenda neza.

Kuzamura ubuzima bwiza

Ku bantu barwaye ububabare budakira cyangwa umugongo, gutera umugongo birashobora kuzamura cyane imibereho yabo. Mugabanye ububabare, kunoza urutirigongo, no kugarura imikorere, ibi byatewe bituma abantu bakora ibikorwa bya buri munsi bitagoranye kandi bitameze neza.

Uburyo bwo kubaga uburyo bwo gutera umugongo

Isuzuma ryibanze

Mbere yo kubagwa umugongo, abarwayi bakorerwa isuzuma ryuzuye. Iri suzuma rishobora kubamo ibizamini byerekana amashusho, nka X-imirasire cyangwa MRIs, kugirango hamenyekane imiterere yumugongo no kumenya uburyo bukwiye bwo gutera no kubaga.

Ubuhanga bwo kubaga

Uburyo bwo kubaga umugongo biterwa nuburyo bwihariye buvurwa. Abaganga babaga bakora ibice, bagaragaza agace katewe numugongo, kandi bagashyira muburyo bwitondewe. Barashobora gukoresha uruvange rwimigozi, inkoni, kasho, cyangwa disiki yubukorikori kugirango bagere kumurongo wifuzwa no gukosorwa.

Gusubirana no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe

Nyuma yo kubagwa, abarwayi bakurikiranirwa hafi kandi bakavurwa nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibi birimo gucunga ububabare, kuvura umubiri, no gukomeza ibikorwa buhoro buhoro bayobowe ninzobere mubuzima. Igihe cyo gukira kiratandukanye bitewe nuburemere bwokubaga hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukiza kugiti cye.

Ingaruka n'ingorane

Kimwe nuburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kubaga, kubaga umugongo bitera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Ingaruka zimwe zishoboka zirimo:

Indwara

Indwara kurubuga rwo kubaga zirashobora kubaho, nubwo hafashwe ingamba zikomeye kugirango hagabanuke ingaruka. Antibiyotike no kuvura ibikomere ni ngombwa mu gukumira no kuvura indwara.

Kunanirwa

Mubihe bidakunze kubaho, gutera umugongo birashobora kunanirwa bitewe nimpamvu nko guhanagura, kuvunika, cyangwa guhagarara nabi. Gukurikirana buri gihe hamwe no kubaga no kubahiriza amabwiriza nyuma ya operasiyo birashobora gufasha gutahura no gukemura ibibazo byose bishobora guterwa.

Kwangirika kw'imitsi

Mugihe cyo guterwa, hari ibyago byo kwangirika kwimitsi. Abaganga babaga bafata ingamba zo kugabanya ibi byago, ariko mubihe bimwe na bimwe, kwangirika kwimitsi yigihe gito cyangwa burundu bishobora kubaho, bikaviramo kubura ibyiyumvo cyangwa moteri.

Iterambere mu Gutera Umugongo

Urwego rwo gutera umugongo rwabonye iterambere ryinshi mumyaka yashize, biganisha ku buhanga bwo kubaga no kuvura neza abarwayi. Iterambere ryibanze ririmo:

Gusimbuza Disiki Yakozwe

Gusimbuza disiki yubukorikori ikubiyemo gusimbuza disiki yangiritse cyangwa yangiritse hamwe nimbuto ya disiki. Ubu buryo burinda uruti rwumugongo kandi burashobora gutanga ububabare bwigihe kirekire mugihe gikomeza guhinduka.

Ubuhanga butagaragara

Iterambere mu buhanga bwo kubaga ryatumye habaho uburyo bworoshye bwo kubaga umugongo. Ubu buhanga burimo uduce duto, kugabanya imitsi, hamwe nigihe cyo gukira byihuse ugereranije no kubaga gakondo.

3D-Byacapwe

Kuza kwa tekinoroji yo gucapa 3D byahinduye urwego rwo gutera umugongo. Kwimura byabigenewe birashobora gutegurwa hashingiwe kuri anatomiya yihariye yumurwayi, kunoza imikorere nimikorere yatewe mugihe bigabanya ibyago byingaruka.

Umwanzuro

Gutera umugongo nibikoresho byingenzi byubuvuzi bigira uruhare runini mukuvura indwara zitandukanye zumugongo. Zitanga ituze, zigabanya ububabare, kandi zizamura imibereho yabantu barwaye uruti rwumugongo. Hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwo kubaga no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya byatewe, urwego rwo gutera umugongo rukomeje kwiyongera, rutanga uburyo bushya kubarwayi.

Kwinjiza umugongo muri gahunda yo kuvura bisaba kubitekerezaho neza, kandi abarwayi bagomba kugisha inama inzobere mu by'ubuzima kugira ngo bamenye amahitamo akenewe ku byo bakeneye. Mugukemura ibibazo rusange, ingaruka, niterambere, abantu barashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kandi bagatangira inzira igana ubuzima bwumugongo no kuzamura imibereho myiza.