Metacarpophalangeal fracture hi hand trauma-a fracture awm fo a ni a, hand trauma nei zinga 1/4 vel a ni. Kut leh motor hnathawh dan tha tak, a zia leh a buaithlak em avangin, kut ruh tliak enkawl dan hi a pawimawh zawk a, technically complex tak a ni a, chu chu long tubular fracture dang enkawlna aiin a pawimawh zawk a ni.

Humeral stem fractures (HSF) hi a tam hle a, fracture zawng zawng zinga 1% atanga 5% vel a ni. Kum khat chhunga vei zat hi mi 100,000-ah 13 atanga 20 vel a ni a, kum upat dan azirin a pung tih hmuhchhuah a ni.HSF hian bimodal age distribution a nei a, a sang ber chu mipa kum 21 leh 30 inkar a thleng a ni.

Naupangte khup ruh hliamah hian patellofemoral instability (PFI) hi a awm fo thin. PFI hi femoral trochlear groove-a patellar dynamic relationship inthlauhna avanga lo awm a ni. Patella pawn lam atanga inthlak danglamna chu PFI extreme a ni a, chu chu medial stabilizer hliam vang a ni a, chu chuan patella chu lateral femoral condyle a rawn nam a ni.

Fracture hi taksa peng dang hliam nen a inzawm tlangpui. Enkawlna kalpui danah chuan damlote chu a pum puia enkawl an ngai a ni.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) hi unicompartmental osteoarthritis enkawlna atana total knee arthroplasty (TKA) ai chuan surgical alternative a ni. Mahse, UKA hlawhchhamna rate data-ah chuan kum 7 chhunga damchhuah rate 74% a ni a, hei hi TKA (92%) aiin a hniam zawk hle. Damlote ngeiin an thil neihte chu a chhiat theihna a tipung a, chu chu damlo naupang zawkte leh body mass index (BMI) sang zawk te hian UKA hlawhchham theihna a tipung thei a, mahse surgical technical errors hi a hmaa hlawhchhamna thlen theihna tur risk factor pawimawh takah ngaih a ni. UKA-ah chuan optimal prosthetic alignment leh overhang (Overhang) neih a harsa hle. Tibial prosthesis chu soft tissue irritation ti tlem thei ang bera size leh dah tur a ni a, medial tibial overhang 3 mm aia tam chu Oxford knee score tlahniam (OKS) leh natna tihpunna atana risk factor lian tak a nih thu hmuhchhuah a ni bawk. He zirchianna hian a tum ber chu UKA-a clinical leh imaging outcome zawng zawng tehna a ni.