Discectomy nke ihu cervical na decompression na implant fusion (ACDF) bụ otu n'ime ụzọ ịwa ahụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ-ụdị na irighiri mgbọrọgwụ-ụdị cervical spondylosis, cervical spine trauma na ọrịa ndị ọzọ, na ọ nwere uru nke mmalite nkwụsi ike, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke mgbagwoju anya, mweghachi nke nkịtị, nkwụsị nke nkịtị na ihe ndị ọzọ. nsogbu postoperative dị ka ihe isi ike na ilo, degeneration nke n'akụkụ akụkụ, laryngeal reentrant akwara mkpọnwụ, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, hematoma, ọrịa, na intervertebral implant subsidence wdg. N'ozuzu omume nke postoperative mgbagwoju bụ banyere 8%.

Ọkpụkpụ intertrochanteric nke femur, nke a makwaara dị ka fracture intertrochanteric, bụ mgbaji mgbaji capsule na-apụ apụ. Isi ngosipụta nke mgbaji intertrochanteric bụ nnukwu mgbu na ọzịza mpaghara, nnukwu ecchymosis, enweghị ike iguzo ma ọ bụ ije ije, obere mkpụmkpụ dị mkpụmkpụ.

Nhọrọ nke esịtidem fixation vesos nkwonkwo nnọchi Ugbu a, ọ bụ n'ozuzu kweere na oghere ntu esịtidem fixation maka femoral olu mgbawa nwere uru nke obere ọrụ oge, obere trauma na ọnụ ala, ma ọtụtụ ndị agadi ọrịa na-esonyere osteoporosis, otú ahụ kwụsie ike nke.

Njiji nke akwara extensor ka emechara efere volar ka bụ nnukwu nsogbu na nrụzi mgbaji radius dị anya. Ụkwụ na-emetụtakarị bụ eriri extensor pollicis longus (EPL), ebe ọ nọ n'ime oghere EPL. Akụkọ gbasara mgbawa akaị EPL mgbe vola gachara

Mgbaji agbaji agbaji agbaji n'ebe dị anya n'ime ndị okenye bụ nsogbu siri ike n'ihi mgbagwoju anya ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke nkwonkwo ikpere ụkwụ, obere mgbaji gbajiri agbaji, na oke nke ọkpụkpụ subchondral. Ogidi dị n'akụkụ na etiti nke humerus distal na-etolite etiti triangular kwụsiri ike.