Kodi Small Fragment ndi chiyani?
Chidutswa chaching'ono chimatanthawuza mtundu wa implant wa mafupa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zosweka kapena kupunduka m'mafupa ang'onoang'ono kapena m'madera omwe ali ndi minofu yofewa yochepa. Ma implants awa adapangidwa kuti azitha kukhazikika komanso kulola kulimbikitsana koyambirira komanso kuchira msanga. Ma implants ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mainchesi a 3.5mm kapena kuchepera ndipo amapezeka mosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangira, mbale, ndi mawaya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira monga opaleshoni yamanja ndi phazi, kupasuka kwa ankle, ndi fractures ya clavicle.
Zinthu za mbale yotsekera?
Ma mbale okhoma nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi biocompatible monga titaniyamu, titaniyamu alloy, kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zidazi zimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, zowuma, komanso kukana dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyika mafupa. Kuonjezera apo, iwo ndi osagwira ntchito ndipo samachita ndi minofu ya thupi, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kukanidwa kapena kutupa. Ma mbale ena otsekera amathanso kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu monga hydroxyapatite kapena zokutira zina kuti apititse patsogolo kulumikizana kwawo ndi minofu ya mafupa.
Ndi mbale iti yomwe ili bwino titaniyamu kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri?
Titaniyamu ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga maopaleshoni a mafupa, kuphatikiza zokhoma mbale. Kusankha pakati pa zipangizo ziwirizi kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa opaleshoni, mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo ndi zomwe amakonda, komanso zomwe dokotalayo amachita komanso zomwe amakonda.
Titaniyamu ndi chinthu chopepuka komanso champhamvu chomwe chimagwirizana ndi biocompatible komanso chosagwira dzimbiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pamakina azachipatala. Ma mbale a titaniyamu amakhala olimba kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa fupa ndikulimbikitsa machiritso. Kuonjezera apo, mbale za titaniyamu zimakhala zowonda kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizisokoneza kuyesa kwa zithunzi monga X-ray kapena MRI.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kumbali ina, ndi chinthu champhamvu komanso cholimba chomwe chimakhalanso ndi biocompatible komanso kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri. Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu implants za mafupa kwa zaka zambiri ndipo ndizinthu zoyesedwa-zowona. Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizotsika mtengo kuposa mbale za titaniyamu, zomwe zingakhale zolingalira kwa odwala ena.
Chifukwa chiyani mbale za titaniyamu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni?
Ma mbale a Titaniyamu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga opaleshoni chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera omwe amawapanga kukhala zinthu zabwino zoyika zachipatala. Zina mwazabwino zogwiritsa ntchito mbale za titaniyamu pochita opaleshoni ndi monga:
Biocompatibility: Titaniyamu ndi yogwirizana kwambiri ndi biocompatible, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizingatheke kuyambitsa ziwengo kapena kukanidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala chinthu chotetezeka komanso chodalirika chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu implants zachipatala.
Mphamvu ndi kulimba: Titaniyamu ndi imodzi mwazitsulo zolimba kwambiri komanso zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu choyenera kuyika ma implants omwe amafunika kupirira kupsinjika ndi zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kulimbana ndi dzimbiri: Titaniyamu imalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri ndipo sangafanane ndi madzi am'thupi kapena zinthu zina m'thupi. Izi zimathandiza kuti implant isawonongeke kapena kuonongeka pakapita nthawi.
Radiopacity: Titaniyamu imakhala ndi ma radiopaque kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kuwonedwa mosavuta pa X-ray ndi mayeso ena azithunzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madotolo azitha kuyang'anira implant ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Kodi zotsekera mbale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?
Ma mbale okhoma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita maopaleshoni a mafupa kuti apereke bata ndi kuthandizira mafupa omwe amathyoka, osweka, kapena ofooka chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala.
Mbaleyi imamangiriridwa ku fupa pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira, ndipo zomangira zimatsekera m'mbale, kupanga chomangira chokhazikika chomwe chimapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha fupa panthawi yochira. Ma mbale okhoma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda othyoka dzanja, mkono, akakolo, mwendo, komanso pochita maopaleshoni ophatikizira msana ndi njira zina za mafupa.
Iwo makamaka zothandiza pamene fupa ndi woonda kapena osteoporotic, monga kutseka limagwirira mbale amapereka anawonjezera bata ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo implants kulephera.
Kodi mbale ya mafupa imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Mbale ya fupa ndi chipangizo chachipatala chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chikhazikitse mafupa osweka panthawi ya machiritso. Ndichitsulo chophwanyika, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena titaniyamu, chomwe chimamangiriridwa pamwamba pa fupa pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira. Chophimbacho chimagwira ntchito ngati cholumikizira chamkati kuti chigwire zidutswa za mafupa osweka bwino ndikupereka bata panthawi ya machiritso. Zomangira zimateteza mbale ku fupa, ndipo mbaleyo imasunga zidutswa za fupa pamalo oyenera. Mafupa a mafupa amapangidwa kuti apereke kukhazikika kolimba ndikuletsa kuyenda pamalo ophwanyika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fupa lichiritse bwino. M’kupita kwa nthawi, fupalo limakula mozungulira mbaleyo ndikuliphatikiza ndi minofu yozungulira. Fupa likatha bwino, mbaleyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa, ngakhale kuti izi siziri zofunikira nthawi zonse.
Kodi zomangira zotsekera zimapereka kuponderezana?
Zomangira zokhoma sizipereka kukanikizana, chifukwa zimapangidwira kuti zitsekere mu mbale ndikukhazikitsa tizidutswa ta fupa kudzera m'makona okhazikika. Kuponderezana kumatheka pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zosatsekera zomwe zimayikidwa mumipata yoponderezedwa kapena mabowo a mbale, zomwe zimalola kupanikizana kwa zidutswa za fupa pamene zomangirazo zikumizidwa.
Kodi mbale ndi zomangira zimapweteka?
Si zachilendo kumva ululu ndi kusamva bwino mutayikidwa mbale ndi zomangira panthawi ya opaleshoni. Komabe, ululu uyenera kutha pakapita nthawi pamene thupi limachira ndipo malo opangira opaleshoniwo akuchira. Ululu ukhoza kuthetsedwa mwa mankhwala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo omwe aperekedwa pambuyo pa opaleshoniyo ndikufotokozera ululu uliwonse wopitirira kapena wowonjezereka kwa gulu lachipatala. Nthawi zina, hardware (mbale ndi zomangira) zingayambitse kusapeza bwino kapena kupweteka, ndipo nthawi zoterezi, dokotala wa opaleshoni angalimbikitse kuchotsa hardware.
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mafupa achire ndi mbale ndi zomangira?
Nthawi yomwe mafupa amachiritsidwa ndi mbale ndi zomangira zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi kuopsa kwa chovulalacho, malo ovulala, mtundu wa fupa, zaka komanso thanzi la wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kutenga milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo kuti mafupa achire kwathunthu ndi mbale ndi zomangira.
Panthawi yoyamba yochira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala masabata a 6-8, wodwalayo ayenera kuvala choponyera kapena chingwe kuti malo omwe akhudzidwawo asasunthike komanso otetezedwa. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, wodwalayo akhoza kuyamba chithandizo chamankhwala kapena kukonzanso kuti athandize kusintha kayendetsedwe kake ndi mphamvu m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti machiritso samatha pokhapokha chojambulacho kapena chingwe chachitsulo chikachotsedwa, ndipo zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti fupa likonzenso bwino ndikupezanso mphamvu zake zoyambirira. Nthawi zina, odwala amatha kumva ululu wotsalira kapena kusamva bwino kwa miyezi ingapo atavulala, ngakhale fupa litachira.
