Zida za msana zimatchulanso zida zapadera zamankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa ma spigesies kuti muchepetse ndikukhazikitsa msana. Zidazi zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena titanium, ndipo zidapangidwa kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zosatha.
Zida za msana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofikira ndi kuwongolera msana pakuchita opaleshoni, kuloleza opaleshoni kuti akwaniritse njira zovuta kuzichita molondola komanso molondola. Mitundu ina yofananira ya zida za msana zimaphatikizapo zoletsa, kubowola, ma salo, zoziritsa, ndi zowawa.
Kugulitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsitsa minofu ndi minofu, ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe omveka bwino. Kuyendetsa ndi ma calls amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwuchotsa minofu ya mafupa kapena kupanga njira zolowera. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa minofu kapena zinyalala zamafuwa, pomwe mphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Zida za msana zimapangidwa mwanjira inayake, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri yopanga maluso osiyanasiyana opaleshoni ndi odwala a anatomies. Madokotala opaleshoni amadalira zida za msana motetezeka komanso mwamphamvu maopaleshoni, komanso mtundu wa zida izi amatha kukhudza zotsatira za opaleshoni.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya chida cha msana, kuphatikiza:
Zomangira: Izi ndi zomangira zomwe zimayikidwa mu vertebrae kuti zingwe kapena mbale za msana.
Ndodo: Izi ndi ndodo zachitsulo zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zomangira zolumikizira zomwe zimapereka kukhazikika ndikuthandizira msana.
Tlira: Izi ndi mapulaneti achitsulo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi vertebrae ndi zomangira kuti apereke chithandizo chowonjezera cha msana.
Msinkhulele: Izi ndi zida zomwe zimayikidwa pakati pa vertebrate kuti ithandizire ndikulimbikitsa fusion.
Hook: Izi ndi zida zachitsulo zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi vertebrae kuti ipereke chithandizo ndi kukhazikika.
Mawaya: awa ndi mawaya owonda azitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chithandizo china ndikugwira msana.
Ma disc oyenda: Izi ndi zida zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa m'malo mwa disc yowonongeka kuti ithandizire ndikulola kuyenda.
Ma spacers: Izi ndi zida zomwe zimayikidwa pakati pa vertebrae kuti azikhala ndi malo abwino ndikulimbikitsa kusokonekera.
Mtundu wa zogwirizira za msana womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatengera zosowa zenizeni za wodwalayo komanso njira yopangira opaleshoni yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Dokotalayo adzasankha mtundu woyenera kwambiri wa zida zotengera zinthu monga momwe wodwalayo amakhala nawo, komwe kumakhalapo komanso kuopa zinthu kwa vutoli.
Opaleshoni ya msana ndi njira yachipatala yomwe imafuna kuchiza matenda a msana, omwe amavulala, kapena zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kupweteka m'maganizo, kufooka, matumbo, kapena matupi ena. Opaleshoniyo imaphatikizapo njira zosiyanasiyana zotsatila ndi mafinya, monganso kufooketsa, kusintha kwa msana, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira opaleshoni kapena kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito a msana. Cholinga chachikulu cha opaleshoni ya msana ndikuchepetsa ululu, kusintha malo oyenda, komanso kumawonjezera moyo wa wodwalayo.
Opasula kwa msana amatha kulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi msana kapena kuvulala komwe sanayankhe ku chithandizo chamankhwala monga mankhwala, mankhwalawa osachita opareshoni. Chisankho chogwirizana ndi opaleshoni ya msana chimapangidwa pambuyo poti muwunikire mokwanira komanso matenda omwe ali ndi mwayi wathanzi. Mitundu ina yomwe ingafune opaleshoni ya msana ikuphatikiza:
Disc
Spain Stenosis
Matenda a disgenative
Spondylolisthes
Matumba a msana
Zotupa za msana
Matenda a msana
Zoyipa za msana monga scoliosis kapena kyphosis.
Komabe, sikuti milandu yonse imafunikira opaleshoni, ndipo akatswiri azachipatala amakambirana zinthu zingapo zomwe asanachite opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo thanzi lathuli, zaka, komanso kuuma kwa momwe zilili.
Opasula kwa msana amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zopangidwa ndikuchiza msana. Zina mwa zida wamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya msana zimaphatikizapo:
Kubwezeretsa: Kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira opaleshoni ndikupereka mwayi kwa msana.
Kubowola: Kugwiritsa ntchito kupanga mabowo mu vertebrae pakuyika kwa zomangira kapena zina.
Ma currette: omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa minofu yofewa kapena fupa.
Forceps: Kugwiritsa ntchito kumvetsetsa minofu kapena mafupa.
Mankhwala othandizira: amagwiritsa ntchito kupukusa minofu yamafupa.
Zojambula: Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mafupa kapena minofu.
Pulogalamu: Amakonda kupeza madera ena a msana kapena kutsimikizira kuyikidwa kwa zikwangwani.
Hook: Katswiri wogwirizira ndi kusinthanitsa sing'anga sing'anga pa opaleshoni.
Pedicle adalemba: imakonda kupeza ndikutsimikizira kuyikapo zomata zomata.
Njira Zosautsa Chithunzi:
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya msana zimadalira njira inayake yomwe imachitidwa ndi zomwe dokotala amakonda. Zidazi ziyenera kukhala zolondola komanso zopangidwa bwino kuti zitsimikizire opaleshoni yabwino komanso yogwira ntchito.