Yintoni ukufakelwa komqolo?
Ukufakelwa komqolo zizixhobo zonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iziphazamiso zomqolo ezifana neediski ze-herniated, i-spinal stenosis, kunye ne-scoliosis. Ezi zixhobo ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto ezihambelana ne-biocompatible ezifana ne-titanium okanye i-PEEK (i-polyetheretherketone) kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba zifakwe ngotyando kwi-spine ukuzinzisa okanye ukubuyisela izakhiwo ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezigulayo.
Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokufakelwa komqolo ziquka:
Izikrufu zePedicle: Ezi zikhonkwane zisetyenziselwa ukumisa iintonga zetsimbi kumqolo kwaye zinike uzinzo kwikholamu ye-vertebral.
Imibhobho: Iintsimbi zetsimbi zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-pedicle screws okanye ezinye ii-spinal implants ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nokuzinza kumqolo.
I-Interbody cages: Ezi zixhobo ezifakwe phakathi kwee-vertebrae ezimbini ukugcina ubude obuqhelekileyo kunye nokugoba komqolo, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso kunye nokuzinza.
Iidiski ezenziweyo: Ezi zixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha iidiski ze-intervertebral ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezigulayo kumqolo.
Amacwecwe kunye nezikrufu: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ukuzinza kunye nenkxaso kwinxalenye yangaphambili (ngaphambili) yomqolo.
Izinto zokufakelwa komqolo
Ukufakelwa komqolo kunokwenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:
I-Titanium: I-Titanium yintsimbi ekhaphukhaphu kwaye eyomeleleyo edla ngokusetyenziswa kukufakelwa komqolo. I-biocompatible, oko kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukusabela okubi emzimbeni.
Insimbi engagqwali: Intsimbi eyomeleleyo yintsimbi eyomeleleyo nehlala ixesha elide ekwasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kukufakelwa komqolo. Ixabiso eliphantsi kune-titanium, kodwa ayifani ne-biocompatible.
I-Cobalt-chromium: I-Cobalt-chromium yintsimbi yentsimbi ekwasetyenziswa kukufakelwa komqolo. Yomelele kwaye iyamelana ne-corrosion, kodwa ayifani ne-biocompatible njenge-titanium.
I-Polyetheretherketone (PEEK): I-PEEK luhlobo lweplastiki oluhlala lusetyenziswa kwiikheji ze-interbody. Ineempawu ezifanayo kwithambo kwaye inokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo.
Ifayibha yeCarbon: Ifayibha yeCarbon yinto ekhaphukhaphu kwaye eyomeleleyo ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kukufakelwa komqolo. Iyahambelana nebhayoloji.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka iimfuno ezithile zesigulane, indawo yofakelo kumqolo, kunye namava ogqirha kunye nokukhetha. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeengozi ezinokuthi zibekho kunye neenzuzo zokufakelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nogqirha oqeqeshiweyo womgogodla ngaphambi kokwenza utyando.
Unokukhetha njani ukufakelwa komqolo ukwenzela utyando?
Ukukhethwa kokufakelwa komqolo ukwenzela utyando kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka:
Izinto zesigulane: Ubudala besigulane, impilo yonke, imbali yonyango, kunye nokuxinana kwamathambo kunokuchaphazela ukhetho lokufakelwa komgudu. Ezinye izinto ezifakelwayo zisenokungafaneleki kwizigulana ezineemeko ezithile zempilo okanye ezinamathambo abuthathaka.
Imeko yomqolo: Imeko ethile yomqolo, njengendawo kunye nobukhulu bomonakalo okanye ukukhubazeka, kunokuchaphazela ukhetho lokufakelwa. Umzekelo, ukufakelwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kungasetyenziselwa ukudityaniswa komgogodla ngokuchasene noqhaqho lokuthotywa komgogodla.
Amava kaGqirha wotyando: Amava kagqirha wotyando kunye nezinto azikhethayo zisenokudlala indima ekukhetheni uqhaqho. Abanye oogqirha botyando banokuba namava ngakumbi ngeentlobo ezithile zokufakelwa, kwaye banokukhetha ukuzisebenzisa kwizigulana zabo.
Izinto zokufakelwa kwezinto: Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe, njengoko izinto ezahlukeneyo zineepropati ezahlukeneyo kwaye zinokuthi zifaneleke ngakumbi kwizigulane okanye iimeko ezithile.
Iingozi neengenelo: Iingozi ezinokubakho kunye neengenelo zohlobo ngalunye lokufakelwa kufuneka kuxoxwe ngazo nomguli, kuquka umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kofakelo okanye iingxaki, iingxaki ezinokubakho kwixesha elide, kunye nokwenzeka kokuchacha ngempumelelo.
Ingaba oogqirha balufakela njani uqhaqho lomqolo?
Inkqubo echanekileyo yokufaka i-spinal implant ixhomekeke kuhlobo lokufakelwa kunye nemeko ethile ephathwayo, kodwa ngokubanzi, amanyathelo abandakanyekayo kwinkqubo alandelayo:
I-Anesthesia: Isigulane sinikwa i-anesthesia jikelele ukuqinisekisa ukuba awazi kwaye akukho ntlungu kuyo yonke inkqubo.
I-Incision: Ugqirha wenza i-incision esikhumbeni kunye nesihlunu phezu kwendawo echaphazelekayo yomqolo.
Ukulungiswa komqolo: Ugqirha ususa nayiphi na izicubu ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezigulayo ukusuka kumqolo, njengeediski ze-herniated okanye i-bone spurs, kwaye ulungiselela indawo yokufakelwa.
Ukubekwa kofakelo: Ugqirha wotyando emva koko ubeke ukufakelwa kwindawo elungiselelwe yomqolo. Oku kunokubandakanya izikrufu, iintonga, iikheji, okanye ezinye iintlobo zokufakelwa.
Ukukhusela ukufakelwa: Emva kokuba ukufakelwa kwendawo, ugqirha uyayikhusela kumqolo esebenzisa izikrufu, iingcingo okanye ezinye izixhobo.
Ukuvala: Ugqirha wotyando emva koko uvale i-incision nge-sutures okanye i-staples kwaye ifake i-bandage okanye isambatho.
Ukuchacha: Isigulane sibekwe esweni kwindawo yokubuyisela iiyure ezininzi kwaye sinokunikwa amayeza eentlungu okanye olunye ukhathalelo oluxhasayo njengoko lufuneka.
Emva kwenkqubo, isigulane siya kufuneka silandele inkqubo yokuvuselela ukunceda ukubuyisela ukuhamba kunye namandla kumqolo. Inkqubo ethile iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lofakelo kunye neemfuno zesigulana kunye nemeko.
Ngubani onokuzuza kukufakelwa komqolo?
Ukufakelwa komgogodla ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe kwizigulane ezijongene neemeko ezibangela intlungu, ubuthathaka, okanye ukungazinzi kumqolo. Ezinye zeemeko ezinokuxhamla kwi-spinal implants ziquka:
1. Isifo se-disc degenerative
2. Iidiski ze-Herniated okanye i-bulging
3. I-Spinal stenosis
4. I-Spondylolisthesis
5. Ukwaphuka komqolo
6. I-Scoliosis
7. Amathumba omqolo
Ukufakelwa komqolo kaninzi kusetyenziswa xa unyango olungasebenzisi utyando olufana nonyango lomzimba, amayeza, okanye iinaliti zomqolo ziye zasilela ukunika isiqabu. Isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-spinal implants ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe yingcali yomgogodla, njengogqirha wamathambo okanye i-neurosurgeon, oya kuvavanya imeko yesigulane kwaye acebise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo.
