Mawonedwe: 0 Wolemba: Jerry Publish Time: 2026-07-27 Origin: Tsamba
Gawo lazaumoyo ku Indonesia likusintha modabwitsa. Monga dziko lachinayi lomwe lili ndi anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi lomwe lili ndi anthu opitilira 277 miliyoni, dzikolo likukumana ndi kufunikira kwaukadaulo wapamwamba wazachipatala, makamaka pazachipatala komanso zachipatala. Msika wa zida zamankhwala ku Indonesia ukuyembekezeka kufika pafupifupi USD 3.51 biliyoni pofika 2030, ndikukula kwapachaka kwa 9.18%. Gawo la zida za mafupa, kuphatikiza zinthu zowongolera zoopsa monga Locking plates , ikuyimira gawo lalikulu komanso lomwe likukula mwachangu pamsika uno.
Kudzipereka kwa boma la Indonesia pazaumoyo kukuwonekera mu bajeti yake - Rp218.5 thililiyoni (pafupifupi USD 14 biliyoni) yopatulidwira gawo la zaumoyo mu 2025. Pulogalamu ya inshuwalansi ya dziko lonse (JKN) tsopano ikuphatikiza 98% ya anthu a ku Indonesia, kapena pafupifupi anthu 268 miliyoni, akuyendetsa zofuna zosayembekezereka za zipangizo zopangira opaleshoni.
Kwa opanga zida zachipatala zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ogulitsa, izi zimapereka mwayi wofunikira. Locking plate machitidwe—ofunika kwambiri kuti kusweka kukhazikike pakachitika opareshoni yangozi—ndiwo amene amafunidwa kwambiri Zoyikidwa m'mafupa pamsika waku Indonesia. Chiwongolero chatsatanetsatane cha B2B ichi chili ndi mbiri 15 zapamwamba orthopedic Locking plate ogulitsa omwe akugwira ntchito ku Indonesia, ndi CZMEDITECH akutsogola pamndandandawu ngati wopanga wodalirika padziko lonse lapansi wodzipereka kuzinthu zabwino, zaluso, ndi mgwirizano.
Metric |
Mtengo |
|---|---|
Chiwerengero cha anthu |
277+ miliyoni (wachinayi padziko lonse lapansi) |
JKN Health Insurance Coverage |
98% ya anthu (268M anthu) |
Bajeti Yaumoyo ya 2025 |
Rp218.5 thililiyoni |
Medical Device Market (2030 Projection) |
$ 3.51 biliyoni |
Medical Device Market CAGR (2025-2030) |
9.18% |
Choyikidwa m'mafupa Kukula Kwambiri (2023-2024) |
39.53% |
Choyikidwa m'mafupa Tengani CAGR (2020-2024) |
44.53% |
BPJS Health Insurance Financing (Aug 2025) |
Rp123.4 thililiyoni |
Deta yolowa kunja ikunena nkhani yosangalatsa. Zomwe zikuchitika ku Indonesia zotengera zoyikapo m'mibadwo yotsatira zikuwonetsa kukula kwa 39.53% kuyambira 2023 mpaka 2024, ndikukula kwapachaka (CAGR) kwa 44.53% kwa nthawi ya 2020-2024. Ma implants akuluakulu ophatikizana ophatikizana komanso zida zazikulu zolumikizira mafupa zimatsata njira zofananira, ndi kukula kwa 39.53% ndi 44.53% CAGR. Ziwerengerozi zikugogomezera kufunikira kokulirakulira kwa mayankho apamwamba a mafupa - kuphatikiza Locking plates -kudutsa zilumbazi.
Kukula kwachitukuko chachipatala ndichinthu chinanso chofunikira kwambiri. Kuchokera kuzipatala zazikulu ku Jakarta ndi Surabaya kupita kuzipatala zachigawo zomwe zimayang'anira anthu ovulala pazilumba masauzande ambiri, kufunikira kwa zida zodalirika zokhazikitsira fracture sikunakhalepo kwakukulu. Zolimbikitsa zaboma zikulimbikitsanso makampani azachipatala aku Indonesia, ngakhale msika umadalira kwambiri zinthu zomwe zimachokera kunja kwaukadaulo wapamwamba wa mafupa.
CZMEDITECH ili patsogolo pa kupanga Choyikidwa m'mafupa , kumapereka zoopsa zosiyanasiyana Locking plates zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri yapadziko lonse lapansi. Monga wopanga wamkulu wa Zoyikidwa m'mafupa , CZMEDITECH yakhazikitsa kupezeka kwamphamvu pamsika wa ASEAN, ndikuchita nawo gawo pa INDO HEALTH CARE EXPO 2025 ku Jakarta.
Mphamvu Zazikulu:
ISO 13485 wopanga zovomerezeka
Zonse Locking plate mbiri: Femoral Neck System (FNS), Distal Femoral Locking plate, S-Clavicle Locking plate, Proximal Medial Tibial Osteotomy Locking plate, Distal Lateral Humeral Locking plate, Clavicle Hook Locking plate , ndi VA Locking plate Dongosolo
Mapangidwe otsika, opangidwa kale kuti agwirizane ndi anatomical fit
Kumanga kwa Titanium alloy kuti apange biocompatibility yapamwamba
CE -zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zikukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi
Mbiri yotsimikizika yopambana milandu yapadziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza maopaleshoni ovuta a distal radius fracture
Chitsanzo chachindunji cha wopanga ndi wogawa
Kuchita nawo chidwi ndi magulu ogula zipatala zaku Indonesia ndi maopaleshoni
CZMEDITECH amachita nawo mwachangu ziwonetsero zachipatala kuti apange kulumikizana kwachindunji ndi ogawa m'misika, maopaleshoni, ndi magulu ogula zipatala kuchokera ku Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, ndi kupitirira apo. Kampaniyo New Femoral Neck System (FNS) imapereka kukhazikika kwa biomechanical komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, kuthana ndi zosowa zomwe zikuchitika za maopaleshoni ovulala ku Southeast Asia.
Locking plate Zowonetsa Zamalonda:
FNS Femoral Neck System - buku lokhazikika lokhazikika
Distal Femoral Locking plate - ya distal femur fractures
S-Clavicle Locking plate - pofuna kukhazikika kwa clavicle fracture
VA Locking plate Dongosolo - screw trajectory yokongoletsedwa yokhala ndi mphamvu zokoka kwambiri
Clavicle Hook Locking plate - kwa distal clavicle fractures ndi AC joint dislocations
Chifukwa Chosankha? CZMEDITECH : Mitengo yachindunji ya opanga, chitsimikizo chamtundu, kuchuluka kwazinthu, ndi kudzipereka ku mayanjano anthawi yayitali ogawa ku Indonesia.
PT Kiora Persada Medika ndi katswiri pa Zoyikidwa m'mafupa ndi zida, wodzipereka kupereka zida zapamwamba zachipatala za mafupa ku Indonesia. Kampaniyo imayang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo komanso kuchita bwino pazamankhwala a mafupa ndi traumatology.
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1972 ndipo ili ku South Jakarta, PT Tiara Kencana imagwira ntchito yogawa ndi kupereka zida zachipatala, zamano, ndi zipatala. Kampaniyo imagwira ntchito ngati bungwe lokha komanso logawa dziko lonse la Zoyikidwa m'mafupa ndi mankhwala omwe angathe kutayidwa, kupereka chithandizo kuzipatala, zipatala, ndi othandizira azaumoyo ku Indonesia konse.
Transmedic Indonesia idayimira monyadira ndikugawa zinthu za Synthes kuyambira 2008, ndikupereka njira zatsopano zothanirana ndi mafupa ndi zoopsa kwa akatswiri azachipatala m'dziko lonselo. Synthes amadziwika kuti ndi omwe amatsogolera padziko lonse lapansi zoyikapo zavulala.
Biotek Inti Korporindo imagwiritsa ntchito Choyikidwa m'mafupa pulatifomu yogawa yopereka zolowa m'malo, zoopsa, ndi mankhwala amasewera. Kampaniyo imapereka machitidwe a arthroplasty, implants zovulaza, zida zamankhwala zamasewera, ndi zogwiritsira ntchito zowongolera ululu.
Ikugwira ntchito kuyambira 2019, PT. ARFEDA BioFix Persada imagwira ntchito pakugulitsa, kutsatsa, ndi kugawa zida zachipatala za mafupa ku Indonesia, ikuyang'ana kwambiri zoyikapo ndi zida zothandizira anthu ovulala pamasewera.
Marthys Orthopedic Indonesia apanga ndikubweretsa zinthu zatsopano zoposa 200 pamsika waku Indonesia, tsopano akupereka zinthu zopitilira 600 kuphatikiza Locking plates ndi zomangira zoyenera ku Asia, makamaka ku Indonesia, mbiri ya mafupa.
Karya Orthopedika Nusantara ndi yekhayo amene amatumiza kunja kwa Double Medical Zoyikidwa m'mafupa ndi zida za trauma, msana, ndi arthroplasty ku Indonesia.
Kinein Medtech ndi ogulitsa odalirika a Zoyikidwa m'mafupa opereka chithandizo chamankhwala m'mayiko ambiri omwe ali ndi mayankho apamwamba kwambiri komanso olondola. Kampaniyo imapereka ma implants amtundu wa mafupa ndi ovulala.
Monga mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse pazaumoyo wa minofu ndi mafupa, Zimmer Biomet imakhalabe ndi kupezeka kwakukulu pamsika waku Indonesia Choyikidwa m'mafupa , ndikupereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana othana ndi zoopsa kuphatikizapo machitidwe a Locking plate .
Stryker ndi amodzi mwamakampani otsogola padziko lonse lapansi aukadaulo wazachipatala, omwe ali ndi mbiri yamphamvu ya Zoyikidwa m'mafupa komanso njira zothetsera zoopsa zomwe zikupezeka pamsika waku Indonesia.
Auxein Medical ndi kampani yophatikizika, yofufuza kafukufuku Zoyikidwa m'mafupa komanso kampani yopanga zida yomwe ikupanga ma implants apamwamba kwambiri, otsika mtengo odalirika ndi akatswiri azachipatala.
Osteomed imapereka makina osiyanasiyana a Locking plate kuphatikiza 2.4mm Y Plate ndi 2.4mm Z Plate, omwe amapezeka pamsika waku Indonesia.
Orthomed Indonesia ndi gulu lophatikizika, lofufuza kafukufuku Zoyikidwa m'mafupa ndi kampani yopanga zida zomwe zimapanga mitundu ingapo, yotsika mtengo yoyika ma generic yodalirika ndi akatswiri azaumoyo am'deralo ndi Southeast Asia.
Cipta Medika Indonesia ndi m'modzi mwa omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamsika waku Indonesia woyika mbewu zamoyo, zomwe zikuthandizira kukula kwa Choyikidwa m'mafupa zachilengedwe mdziko muno.
Wopereka |
Mtundu |
Locking plate Mbiri |
Zitsimikizo |
Indonesia Kukhalapo |
Partner Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wopanga |
ISO 13485, CE |
Kutengana kwachindunji, EXPO 2025 |
Wopanga mwachindunji |
||
PT Kiora Persada Medika |
Wofalitsa |
Kukhazikika kwapamwamba |
- |
M'dziko lonselo |
Kugawa |
PT Tiara Kencana |
Wofalitsa |
Zoyikidwa m'mafupa |
- |
M'dziko lonselo kuyambira 1972 |
Bungwe lokhalokha |
DePuy Synthes /Transmedic |
Wopanga/Wofalitsa |
Full trauma mbiri |
Miyezo yapadziko lonse |
Kuyambira 2008 |
Kugawa |
Biotek Inti Korporindo |
Wofalitsa |
Ma implants owopsa |
- |
Dziko |
Kugawa |
PT. ARFEDA BioFix |
Wofalitsa |
Sports mankhwala chidwi |
- |
Zochokera ku Jakarta |
Kugawa |
Marthys Orthopedic |
Wopanga/Wofalitsa |
600+ zinthu, zaku Asia |
- |
Kukhazikitsidwa |
Chindunji |
Karya Orthopedika |
Wolowetsa |
Mankhwala a Double Medical |
- |
Dziko |
Wolowetsa yekha |
Chida chilichonse chachipatala chisanatumizidwe kunja, kugawidwa, kapena kugulitsidwa ku Indonesia, chiyenera kupeza Nomor Izin Edar (NIE) yovomerezeka ya dzikolo ndi chilolezo chotsatsa malonda. Popanda izo, palibe malonda ovomerezeka kapena ma tenders omwe angatheke. Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Indonesia (MoH) umafunika kuunikanso kwathunthu kwa ISO 13485, CDAKB, kuunika kwachipatala, ndi zolembera.
Kuyambira 2026, kupeza kulembetsa kwa E-Katalog v6 ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti maboma atenge nawo mbali. Kugula kwa zipatala zaboma kumatsatira machitidwe a e-catalog, pomwe zipatala zapadera zimatsogozedwa ndi ogwira ntchito pachipatala ndi maopaleshoni.
Kuganizira Kwambiri: Gwirizanani ndi ogulitsa ngati CZMEDITECH yomwe imamvetsetsa malamulo aku Indonesia ndipo imatha kupereka chithandizo chokwanira pamakalata.
Zipatala zaku Indonesia komanso ogawa zachipatala nthawi zambiri amawunika ogulitsa kutengera kusasinthika kwazinthu, kuthekera kopanga, kuthandizira zolemba, zosankha zosintha mwamakonda, komanso kuthekera kogwirizana kwanthawi yayitali. Njira zazikulu zowunikira ndi:
ISO 13485 certification - muyeso wagolide wowongolera mtundu wa zida zamankhwala
CE cholemba - kuwonetsa kutsata miyezo yaumoyo ndi chitetezo ku Europe
Umboni wachipatala - mbiri yotsimikiziridwa ya zotsatira za opaleshoni yopambana
Ubwino wazinthu - mankhwala a titaniyamu aloyi (Ti-6Al-4V) kuti agwirizane bwino
Zojambulajambula - mawonekedwe a anatomical pre-contouring, mapangidwe otsika, zosankha za polyaxial screw
CZMEDITECH 's Locking plates amapangidwa kuchokera ku aloyi ya titaniyamu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe otsika, opangidwa kale omwe amafanana ndi matupi a anatomical, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kokhazikika komanso kuchira msanga kwa odwala.
Zambiri za Locking plate ziyenera kuphatikizapo:
Kumtunda: mbale za Clavicle, mbale za humeral, mbale za olecranon
M'munsi kumapeto: mbale zachikazi (zozungulira, zozungulira, zopindika), mbale za tibial
Machitidwe apadera: Femoral Neck System (FNS), VA Locking plate machitidwe
Zosankha za ana: mbale zowongolera za kukula
Kugwirizana kwa screw: Zosankha zotsekera komanso zosakhala Chomangira chokhoma
CZMEDITECH imapereka imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri za Locking plate pamsika, zomwe zimaphimba chilichonse kuchokera ku clavicle fixation mpaka kuthyoka kwa khosi lachikazi.
Mbiri ya mafupa aku Asia imasiyana ndi anthu aku Western. Otsatsa ngati Marthys Orthopedic Indonesia apanga zinthu zomwe zili zoyenera ku Asia-makamaka mbiri ya mafupa aku Indonesia. CZMEDITECH ' s s anatomically pre-contoured plates adapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma anatomical, kuwonetsetsa kukwanira bwino ndi kukonza.
Fufuzani ogulitsa omwe amapereka:
Maphunziro ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni - kudziwitsa za mankhwala kwa madokotala ochita opaleshoni
Zolemba zowongolera - thandizo pakulembetsa kwa NIE ndi E-Katalog
Kuthekera kosintha mwamakonda - kuthekera kosinthira zinthu kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za msika
Kudalirika kwa chain chain - kupezeka kwazinthu kosasintha
Thandizo pambuyo pa malonda - chithandizo chamakasitomala chomvera ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo
The FNS Locking plate imapereka yankho lachilendo la kukhazikika kwa fracture ndi kukhazikika kwa biomechanical komanso kugwiritsa ntchito movutikira pang'ono. Oyenera kuphwanya khosi lachikazi (Pauwels classification mitundu II ndi III), Basicervical femoral khosi fractures, ndi osankhidwa pertrochanteric fractures.
Amapangidwira kuti azithyoka ndi kuvulala kwa distal femur-kumunsi kwa fupa la ntchafu kulumikiza ku mfundo za bondo. Amapereka kukhazikika kolimba kwa zovuta za distal femur fractures.
Zapangidwira chithandizo cha clavicle fracture, kupereka bata ndi chithandizo panthawi ya machiritso. Wopangidwa ndi titaniyamu kuti akhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kuti azigwirizana.
Imakhala ndi ma screw trajectory okongoletsedwa, mphamvu zokoka kwambiri, komanso zogwirizana ndi njira zopangira maopaleshoni ochepa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pa maopaleshoni ovuta a intra-articular distal radius fracture.
Okhazikika pakukhazikika kwa distal clavicle fractures (Neer Type II & III) ndi ma acromioclavicular joint dislocations. Kuyika zomangira motsogozedwa kumapangitsa kuti maopaleshoni akhale olondola, pomwe mawonekedwe ocheperako amachepetsa kusapeza bwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
Makina opangira ma plating okhazikika a osteotomies kuzungulira bondo. Zopangidwa ndi titaniyamu kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuti zikhazikike mokhazikika.
Zimaphatikizapo 3.5mm / 4.5mm Eight-plates, Sliding Locking plates , ndi Hip Plates zopangidwira kukula kwa mafupa a ana, kupereka chitsogozo chokhazikika cha epiphyseal ndi kukonza fracture kwa ana azaka zosiyana.
CZMEDITECH ndi ISO 13485-wopanga wovomerezeka yemwe amapereka zambiri Locking plate mbiri kuphatikiza Femoral Neck System, Distal Femoral Locking plate, S-Clavicle Locking plate, VA Locking plate Dongosolo , ndi zina. Kampaniyo yawonetsa kudzipereka kumsika waku Indonesia potenga nawo mbali pa INDO HEALTH CARE EXPO 2025, kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi ogulitsa ndi maopaleshoni am'deralo, ndi zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zikwaniritse miyezo yapadziko lonse CE yokhala ndi titaniyamu alloy yopangira zotsatira zabwino zachipatala.
Zida zonse zachipatala ziyenera kupeza Nomor Izin Edar (NIE) wovomerezeka kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Indonesia zisanatumizidwe, kugawidwa, kapena kugulitsidwa. Ndondomekoyi imafuna kuwunika kwathunthu kwa dossier komwe kumakhudza ISO 13485, CDAKB, kuunika kwachipatala, ndi udindo wolembera. Kuyambira mu 2026, kulembetsa kwa E-Katalog v6 ndikofunikira kuti boma litenge nawo gawo.
Zipatala zaboma zimagwiritsa ntchito ma e-catalogue system pogula zokhazikika. Ngati chinthu sichinatchulidwe, zipatala ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yogulira ya Unduna wa Zaumoyo popereka ma tender. Zipatala zapadera nthawi zambiri zimatsogozedwa ndi ogwira ntchito m'zipatala ndi maopaleshoni pazosankha zawo zogula.
Msika wa zida zamankhwala ku Indonesia ukuyembekezeka kufika $ 3.51 biliyoni pofika 2030 pa CAGR ya 9.18%. Choyikidwa m'mafupa zogulitsa kunja zidakula 39.53% kuchokera ku 2023 mpaka 2024, ndi 44.53% CAGR kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2024, kuwonetsa kufunikira kwamphamvu komanso kosalekeza.
CZMEDITECH imapereka mitundu yambiri kuphatikizapo FNS Femoral Neck System, Distal Femoral Locking plate , S-Clavicle Locking plate , Proximal Medial Tibial Osteotomy Locking plate , Distal Lateral Humeral Locking plate , , 59 Locking plate Locking plate ndi mbale zowongolera kukula kwa ana.
ISO 13485 ndi mulingo wapadziko lonse wokhudza kasamalidwe kabwino ka zida zachipatala ndipo ndi chofunikira kwambiri kuti chivomerezedwe ndi malamulo aku Indonesia. Zimasonyeza kudzipereka kwa ogulitsa ku khalidwe losasinthika la mankhwala, chitetezo cha odwala, ndi kutsata malamulo.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo ubwino wa mankhwala ndi ziphaso ( ISO 13485, CE ), kukwanira kwa mbiri, kuthandizira zolemba zovomerezeka, luso lokonzekera, kudalirika kwauthenga, maphunziro ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni, ndikuwonetsa kudzipereka kumsika wa Indonesian. CZMEDITECH imapambana m'magawo onsewa.
Inde. CZMEDITECH 's ma anatomical pre-contoured plates adapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma anatomical. Zogulitsa za kampaniyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochita maopaleshoni m'maiko angapo, ndipo mapangidwe ocheperako amatsimikizira kuti ali oyenera komanso otonthoza odwala.
FNS ndi CZMEDITECH njira yatsopano yokhazikitsira yokhazikika yomwe imapereka kukhazikika kwa biomechanical komanso kugwiritsa ntchito movutikira pang'ono. Amapangidwira makamaka kuphulika kwa khosi lachikazi (Pauwels mitundu ya II ndi III) ndi kuphulika kwa khosi lachikazi lachikazi.
CZMEDITECH ikuyang'ana mwachangu anthu omwe amagawa nawo pamsika waku Indonesia. Anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ayenera kulumikizana ndi kampaniyo mwachindunji kudzera patsamba lovomerezeka (www.czmeditech.com ) kuti tikambirane mwayi waubwenzi, zolemba zamalonda, ndi njira zopangira msika.
Ku Indonesia msika wamafupa Locking plate umapereka mwayi wapadera kwa ogawa ndi othandizira azaumoyo. Ndi njira yachipatala yomwe ikukulirakulira, inshuwaransi yomwe ikukula, komanso kufunikira kwa njira zothetsera zoopsa, nthawi yokhazikitsa mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi othandizira ndi ino.
CZMEDITECH ndikhala okonzeka ngati mnzanu wodalirika wopangira, kukupatsani:
✅ Comprehensive Locking plate mbiri yokhudza zigawo zonse za anatomical
✅ ISO 13485 ndi CE - chitsimikizo chapamwamba chotsimikizika
✅ Kumanga kwa aloyi a Titanium pazotsatira zapamwamba zachipatala
✅ Mapangidwe opangidwa ndi anatomically kuti akhale oyenera
✅ Mbiri yotsimikizika ya zotsatira za opaleshoni yopambana
✅ Kuchita nawo chidwi ndi msika waku Indonesia
✅ Mtundu wachindunji wopanga ndi wogawa
Kaya ndinu woyang'anira zogula zinthu m'chipatala, wogawa zachipatala, kapena dokotala wofuna chithandizo chodalirika cha implants, CZMEDITECH amakupatsani zabwino, zatsopano, ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufunikira kuti muchite bwino pamsika wamakono wa ku Indonesia.
Lumikizanani ndi CZMEDITECH lero kuti muwone mipata yamgwirizano ndikupeza momwe timagwirira ntchito Locking plate mayankho angathandize odwala anu ndi bizinesi yanu.
Chodzikanira: Bukuli ndi lazadziwitso zokhazokha. Nthawi zonse funsani akatswiri azachipatala oyenerera kuti musankhe zochita pazachipatala. Kupezeka kwazinthu ndi kutsimikizika kungasiyane ndi dera. Chonde lemberani CZMEDITECH mwachindunji kuti mudziwe zambiri zamalonda ndi zomwe zikuchitika ku Indonesia.