Chii chinonzi Spinal Instruments?
Zviridzwa zvemusana zvinoreva zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvishandiso zvekurapa zvinoshandiswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwemusana kushandura uye kudzikamisa musana. Zviridzwa izvi zvinowanzo gadzirwa kubva kune zvemhando yepamusoro, senge simbi isina tsvina kana titanium, uye zvakagadzirirwa kuti zvigare uye zvinogara kwenguva refu.
Zvishandiso zvemusana zvinoshandiswa kuwana uye kushandura musana panguva yekuvhiyiwa, zvichibvumira vanachiremba kuti vaite maitiro akaoma nekunyatso uye nekururama. Mamwe marudzi akajairika ezviridzwa zvemusana anosanganisira retractors, drills, saw, curettes, uye forceps.
Maretractor anoshandiswa kuchengetedza matishu uye tsandanyama, zvichipa kuoneka kwakajeka uye kuwana kunzvimbo yekuvhiya. Madhiri nemasaha anoshandiswa kubvisa mapfupa emapfupa kana kugadzira nzira dzekuisa. Macurettes anoshandiswa kutsvaira matishu kana marara emapfupa, ukuwo maforceps achishandiswa kubata nekugadzirisa zvimiro zvisina kusimba.
Zvishandiso zvemuzongoza zvinowanzogadzirirwa maitiro ekuvhiya chaiwo, uye kune marudzi mazhinji akasiyana anowanikwa kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvemaitiro akasiyana ekuvhiya uye anatomi evarwere. Vanachiremba vanovhiya vanovimba nezviridzwa zvemusana kuti vachengetedze uye zvinobudirira kuvhiyiwa kwemusana, uye kunaka uye kushanda kwezviridzwa izvi zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekuvhiya.
Ndedzipi mhando dzespinal instrumentation?
Kune akati wandei marudzi espinal instrumentation, anosanganisira:
Pedicle Screws: Aya ndiwo masikiru anoiswa muvertebrae kuti asimbise tsvimbo kana mahwendefa emusana fusion.
Tsvimbo: Idzi simbi dzesimbi dzakasungirirwa kune pedicle screws kuti dzipe kugadzikana uye kutsigirwa kwemusana.
Plates: Aya mahwendefa esimbi anonamirwa kune vertebrae ane screws kuti ape imwe tsigiro yemuzongoza.
Interbody Cages: Aya ndiwo midziyo inoiswa pakati pe vertebrae kupa rubatsiro uye kukurudzira fusion.
Hooks: Idzi midziyo yesimbi inosungirirwa kune vertebrae kupa rubatsiro uye kugadzikana.
Waya: Idzi iwaya dzakatetepa dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa kupa rumwe rutsigiro uye kubata musana panzvimbo.
Artificial Discs: Aya ndiwo midziyo inoiswa panzvimbo yemadhisiki yakakuvadzwa kuti ipe rutsigiro uye kubvumira kufamba.
Spacers: Aya ndiwo midziyo inoiswa pakati pe vertebrae kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakodzera uye kukurudzira fusion.
Mhando yesimbi yepinini inoshandiswa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemurwere uye nzira yekuvhiya iri kushandiswa. Chiremba anovhiya achasarudza mhando yakakodzera yezviridzwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emurwere, nzvimbo uye kuoma kwedambudziko remusana, uye zvinangwa zvekuvhiyiwa.
Kuvhiya musana kunonzi chii?
Kuvhiyiwa kwemusana inzira yekurapa ine chinangwa chekurapa musana, kukuvara, kana mamiriro anokonzera kurwadziwa kwemusana, kupera simba, kupera simba, kana zvimwe zviratidzo. Kuvhiyiwa kunosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye nzira, dzakadai sedecompression, fusion, kana kugadzirisa kukanganiswa kwemusana, kushandisa midziyo yekuvhiya uye ma implants kudzikamisa kana kudzorera kushanda kwemusana. Chinangwa chekupedzisira chekuvhiya musana ndechekuderedza marwadzo, kuvandudza mafambiro, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemurwere.
Ndiani anoda kuvhiyiwa musana?
Kuvhiyiwa kwemusana kunogona kukurudzirwa kune vanhu vane mamiriro emusana kana kukuvara kusina kupindura kune kurapa kwekuchengetedza zvakadai semishonga, kurapa kwepanyama, uye dzimwe nzira dzisiri dzekuvhiya. Sarudzo yekuvhiyiwa musana inowanzoitwa mushure mekunyatsoongororwa uye kuongororwa nenyanzvi yehutano ine hunyanzvi. Mamwe mamiriro angada kuvhiyiwa musana anosanganisira:
Herniated disc
Spinal stenosis
Degenerative disc chirwere
Spondylolisthesis
Kutyoka kwemusana
Spinal tumors
Zvirwere zvemusana
Kuremara kwemusana senge scoliosis kana kyphosis.
Nekudaro, hadzisi dzese nyaya dzinoda kuvhiyiwa, uye vashandi vehutano vanozofunga zvinhu zvakati wandei vasati vakurudzira kuvhiyiwa, kusanganisira hutano hwese hwemurwere, zera, uye kuoma kwemamiriro acho.
Ndezvipi zviridzwa zvinoshandiswa pakuvhiya musana?
Kuvhiyiwa kwemusana kunoda kushandiswa kwezviridzwa zvakagadzirirwa kuwana nekurapa musana. Zvimwe zvezviridzwa zvakajairika zvinoshandiswa mukuvhiya musana zvinosanganisira:
Retractors: inoshandiswa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekuvhiya yakavhurika uye inopa mukana kune musana.
Drill: inoshandiswa kugadzira maburi mu vertebrae yekuiswa kwe screws kana mamwe ma implants.
Currettes: inoshandiswa kubvisa zvinyoro zvinyoro kana pfupa.
Forceps: inoshandiswa kubata matishu kana zvidimbu zvemapfupa.
Curettes: anoshandiswa kubvisa mapfupa emapfupa.
Rongeurs: inoshandiswa kubvisa zvimedu zvemapfupa kana matishu.
Probes: inoshandiswa kutsvaga nzvimbo dzakati dzemuzongoza kana kusimbisa kuiswa kwemaimplants.
Hooks: anoshandiswa kubata uye kushandura zvimiro zvemusana panguva yekuvhiyiwa.
Pedicle probes: inoshandiswa kutsvaga uye kusimbisa kuiswa kwe pedicle screws.
Image-inotungamirwa navigation masisitimu: anoshandiswa kutungamira kuiswa kwezviridzwa uye maimplants ane chaiyo-nguva yekufungidzira.
Sarudzo yezviridzwa zvinoshandiswa mukuvhiyiwa kwemusana zvinoenderana nemaitiro chaiwo ari kuitwa uye zvido zvechiremba. Izvi zviridzwa zvinofanirwa kuve zvakanyatsorongeka uye zvakanyatsogadzirwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuvhiya musana uye unoshanda.
